Programa de tamizaje universal e intervención precoz (PTUIP) en hipoacusia sensorioneural bilateral congénita: Tarea pendiente desde la perspectiva de políticas públicas de salud en Chile

• Nicolás Albertz ^[1] ; Felipe Cardemil ^[2] ; Maritza Rahal ^[2] ; Francisca Mansilla ^[2] ; Rodrigo Cárdenas ^[2] ; Pedro Zitko ^[3]
  1. [1] Universidad de Chile

     Universidad de Chile

     Santiago, Chile

     
  2. [2] Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau Servicio de Otorrinolaringología
  3. [3] Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau Unidad de Estudios Asistenciales

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: Revista Médica de Chile, ISSN-e 0034-9887, Vol. 141, Nº. 8, 2013, págs. 1057-1063
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Universal screening program and early intervention (uspei) in congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in Chile
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • Congenital hearing loss is the total or partial inability to hear sounds through the ears. It is the most common disability in newborns in Chile and worldwide, and is a permanent condition. The direct impact on children who are not adequately diagnosed is the alteration in acquisition of language and cognitive skills and a decline in their social and school insertion, jeopardizing their professional and potentially productive life. Universal screening programs for hearing loss are essential for the diagnosis, since 50% of infants with hearing loss have no known risk factor. Screening before one month of age, confirmation before 3 months, and effective intervention before 6 months, allows the development of these children as if they had normal hearing. In Chile there is a selective program of screening for infants aged less than 32 weeks or 1,500 grams, as part of Explicit Health Guarantees, but it covers only 0.9% of newborns per year. Therefore, a large majority of children remain without diagnosis. The aim of this review is to compare the situation in Chile with other countries, raising the need to move towards a universal neonatal hearing loss screening program, and propose necessary conditions in terms of justification and implementation of a universal screening public policy.