Emergencia de la cepa W135 causante de enfermedad meningocócica invasora en Chile 2012

• M. Teresa Valenzuela ^[1] ; Gabriela Moreno ^[2] ; Alejandra Vaquero ^[3] ; Mabel Seoane ^[4] ; J. Carlos Hormazábal ^[5] ; M. Paz Bertoglia ^[3] ; Doris Gallegos ^[6] ; Viviana Sotomayor ^[6] ; Jorge Díaz ^[7]
  1. [1] Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile Dirección
  2. [2] Ministerio de Salud Chile División de Planificación Sanitaria
  3. [3] Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile Departamento de Asuntos Científicos
  4. [4] Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile Laboratorio de Referencia de Meningitis
  5. [5] Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile Subdepartamento Enfermedades Infecciosas
  6. [6] Ministerio de Salud Chile Departamento de Epidemiología
  7. [7] Ministerio de Salud Chile Subsecretaría de Salud Pública

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• Localización: Revista Médica de Chile, ISSN-e 0034-9887, Vol. 141, Nº. 8, 2013, págs. 959-967
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Emergence of W135 meningococcal serogroup in Chile during 2012
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• Resumen

  • The epidemiologic behavior of the Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) in Chile has changed. At the end of 2011, the W135 serogroup belonging to the hypervirulent clone ST-11 emerged. It affected diverse countries of the world, after the Mecca pilgrimage in 2000. In Chile, there have been 133 IMD cases during 2012. These figures represent an incidence of 0.7 per 100,000 inhabitants, which is 30% higher than expected. Eighty eight percent of cases were confirmed by the National Reference Laboratory at the Chilean Public Health Institute. The serogroup was determined in 103 strains and 58% belonged to the W135 serogroup, surpassing for the first time the B serogroup (37%). The Metropolitan Region concentrated 80% of these cases, and the remaining 20% affected other seven regions of the country. Forty seven percent of cases corresponded to children less than 5 years of age. The predominant clinical presentation of the W135 serogroup was a sepsis in 67% of cases. The fatality ratio of IDM during 2012 was 27%, the highest in the past 20 years. With this information, the Chilean Ministry of Health decreed a sanitary alert and implemented an integrated approach to control and prevent W-135 IDM, denominated "W-135 Action Plan".