Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en individuos de etnia Mapuche residentes en zonas rurales y urbanas de Chile

• Luis Ibáñez ^[5] ; Ruth Sanzana ^[6] ; Carlos Salas ^[1] ; Claudia Navarrete ^[7] ; Ricardo Cartes-Velásquez ^[2] ; Angélica Rainqueo ^[8] ; Tamara Jara ^[9] ; Francisco Pérez-Bravo ^[3] ; Natalia Ulloa ^[1] ; Carlos Calvo ^[1] ; Juan F Miquel ^[4] ; Carlos Celis-Morales ^[10]
  1. [1] Universidad de Concepción

     Universidad de Concepción

     Comuna de Concepción, Chile

     
  2. [2] Universidad de La Frontera

     Universidad de La Frontera

     Temuco, Chile

     
  3. [3] Universidad de Chile

     Universidad de Chile

     Santiago, Chile

     
  4. [4] Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

     Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

     Santiago, Chile

     
  5. [5] Centro de Nutrición y Metabolismo del Ejercicio Físico
  6. [6] Instituto Nacional de Capacitación Profesional Departamento de Ciencias Sociales
  7. [7] Centro de Salud Familiar
  8. [8] Hospital de Panguipulli
  9. [9] Hogar de Ancianos Herminio Leal Aeropol
  10. [10] Universidad de Newcastle Instituto de Medicina Celular Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Humana

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• Localización: Revista Médica de Chile, ISSN-e 0034-9887, Vol. 142, Nº. 8, 2014, págs. 953-960
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Mapuche individuals living in urban and rural environment in Chile
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• Resumen

  • Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) increases the risk of diabetes and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the prevalence of MS could differ by ethnicity and lifestyle factors. Aim: To determine the prevalence of MS in Mapuche individuals living in urban and rural environments in Chile and to investigate whether the prevalence and risk of MS in urban and rural environments differs by sex, age and nutritional status. Material and Methods: A total of 1077 Mapuche participants were recruited from urban (MU = 288) and rural (MR = 789) settings. Body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured. A fasting blood sample was obtained to measure serum glucose, HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol. The prevalence of MS was determined using the unified IDF and ATP-III criteria. Results: An environment and sex interaction was found for the prevalence of MS (p = 0.042). The prevalence was significantly lower in male MR (13%) compared to other groups (22, 23 and 25% among female MR, female MU and male MU respectively). Also, the prevalence of central obesity and low HDL-cholesterol were significantly lower in male MR. MU are at an increased risk of developing MS compared to MR, with an odds ratio of 1.59 (95% confidence intervals 1.1 to 2.2). This risk increases along with age or body mass index of the population. Conclusions: The adoption of an urbanized lifestyle increases the risk of developing MS in Mapuche individuals. This risk is enhanced by age and nutritional status.