The relationship between music and images in French non-fiction TV programs.: From a media inherited practice to an autonomous one (1949-2015)

• Autores: Guylaine Gueraud Pinet
• Localización: Journal of Sound, Silence, Image and Technology (JoSSIT), ISSN-e 2604-451X, Nº. 2, 2019 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Noves escoltes, noves narratives), págs. 66-83
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Since the beginning of TV program productionin France, pre-existing music has beenused more and more frequently in thebackground of news programs, magazines,or reality shows. Though music in fiction TVprograms has been a matter of academicinterest since the late 70’s (Tagg, 1979; Frith,2002 and Coates, 2007), non-fictionprograms have enjoyed but little attentionfrom the academic world. In a context ofsocio-cultural and socio-economic changefor music and television for 60 years, thisarticle discusses the following questionings:How has the relationship between imagesand music on TV evolved since 1949? Was itbuilt upon media-inherited techniques or didtelevision media make up their own practices?A statistical analysis has been performedon 140 TV programs broadcast between1949 and 2015 and a music/image classificationhas been used to test close to 2000extracts from preexisting music tracks. Builtupon Roger Bowman (1949) and RonRodman’s (2010) proposals on music infiction TV programs, this classificationallows us to adopt a perspective drawingfrom socio-economic and semiotic approaches.Three time-periods have beenidentifies : 1950-1980: inherited musicintegration ; 1980-2000: editorial musicintegration ; 2000-2015: hyper-contextualizedmusic integration. At first, music wasthus used much in the way it had been inother media (space-time contextualization,leitmotiv…). Then, from the 80’s onwards, itstarted to reflect the editorial policy of thechannels, especially the French musicchannel, M6. Finally, since the 2000’s, eventhough these aspects remain valid, we haveobserved the emergence of “hyper-contextualization”processes, where verbatim useof lyrics has become common practice.