Resumen de Zapatismo metodológico: a experiência de classe e os microfundamentos da ação política
- English
We search to compare Edward Thompson's marxism with Adam Przeworski's analytical marxism, both critics to structuralist marxism, departing from the problem of the zapatista movement in the 90's, considered analytical subject and strting point of the discussion about social classes, the logic of collective action and class consciense. Hence, our goal is not the analysis of the zapatista movement, but the outgoing querel between two possibles theorical-methodological instruments like properly answers to the problem of the microfoundations of he political actions, without bearing the social struggle universe to the simple automatic class determination of the political actions. This paper talks about the relation between the citizenship - as a meaning of a politic equality conquest by men on modern democratic state - and the social inequality appared with the capitalism, structured on opposite social classes. This paper evidences the contradiction between abstract equality and concrete inequality, based upon the critique to that abstraction made by Karl Marx on his book The Jewish Question, written on 1843. Besides, there are another themes broached here, like: the limits and the importance of political equality into the State, the relation between political emancipation and human emancipation, and the possibility of a concrete equality among the men.
- português
Buscamos aqui contrapor o marxismo de Edward Thompson ao marxismo de Adam Przeworski, igualmente críticos do estruturalismo marxista, partindo do problema colocado pelo surgimento do movimento zapatista nos anos 90 como objeto de análise e ponto de partida para a discussão sobre a formação das classes sociais, a lógica da ação coletiva e a consciência de classe. Nosso objetivo portanto não é a análise do movimento zapatista em si, mas o debate entre possíveis ferramentas teórico-metodológicas capazes de responder o problema dos microfundamentos explicativos da ação política, sem limitar o universo das lutas sociais à simples determinação automática de classe das ações políticas.
