ChatGPT’s response consistency: a study on repeated queries of medical examination questions

• Paul F. Funk ^[1] ; Cosima C. Hoch ^[2] ; Samuel Knoedler ^[2] ; Leonard Knoedler ; Sebastian Cotofana ; Giuseppe Sofo ^[3] ; Ali Bashiri Dezfouli ^[2] ; Barbara Wollenberg ^[2] ; Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ^[1] ; Michael Alfertshofer ^[2]
  1. [1] Friedrich Schiller University Jena

     Friedrich Schiller University Jena

     Kreisfreie Stadt Jena, Alemania

     
  2. [2] Technical University Munich

     Technical University Munich

     Kreisfreie Stadt München, Alemania

     
  3. [3] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro

     Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro

     Brasil

     

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• Localización: EJIHPE: European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, ISSN 2174-8144, ISSN-e 2254-9625, Vol. 14, Nº. 3, 2024, págs. 657-668
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • (1) Background: As the field of artificial intelligence (AI) evolves, tools like ChatGPT are increasingly integrated into various domains of medicine, including medical education and research.

    Given the critical nature of medicine, it is of paramount importance that AI tools offer a high degree of reliability in the information they provide. (2) Methods: A total of n = 450 medical examination questions were manually entered into ChatGPT thrice, each for ChatGPT 3.5 and ChatGPT 4. The responses were collected, and their accuracy and consistency were statistically analyzed throughout the series of entries. (3) Results: ChatGPT 4 displayed a statistically significantly improved accuracy with 85.7% compared to that of 57.7% of ChatGPT 3.5 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, ChatGPT 4 was more consistent, correctly answering 77.8% across all rounds, a significant increase from the 44.9% observed from ChatGPT 3.5 (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: The findings underscore the increased accuracy and dependability of ChatGPT 4 in the context of medical education and potential clinical decision making. Nonetheless, the research emphasizes the indispensable nature of human-delivered healthcare and the vital role of continuous assessment in leveraging AI in medicine.