Resistencia a los medicamentos antirretrovirales en pacientes que reciben tratamiento para VIH-sida en Colombia

• Autores: Sandra M. Gómez, Patricia Olaya, Francisco J. Diaz
• Localización: Infectio: Revista de la Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, ISSN-e 2422-3794, ISSN 0123-9392, Vol. 14, Nº. 4, 2010
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Resistance to antiretrovirals in patients receiving HIV-AIDS therapy in Colombia
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• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo. Caracterizar el fenómeno de la resistenciaa los diferentes medicamentos antirretroviralesen pacientes en quienes se practicó elestudio de genotipificación en Colombia, duranteel período 2000-2007.Diseño. Descriptivo, retrospectivo y basado enel laboratorio.Métodos. Entre los años 2000 y 2007, se obtuvola secuencia de los genes de la proteasay transcriptasa inversa del virus de la inmunodeficienciahumana (VIH) de 650 pacientes presuntamenteen tratamiento antirretroviral, procedentesde diferentes regiones de Colombia.Las secuencias se procesaron con el programaGeno2pheno resistance, el cual infiere la resistenciaa partir de la secuencia.

  • English

    Objective. To characterize the resistance to anti-retroviral drugs in patients subject of genotypic sensitivity testing in Colombia during 2000-2007.Design. Descriptive, retrospective, laboratory based.Methods. Between the years 2000 and 2007 the sequences of the HIV  protease and transcriptase genes were obtained from 650 patients presumably under antiretroviral treatment throughout the country. The sequences were processed with the program “geno2pheno resistance”, which infers the resistance by using the sequences. The results were statistically analyzed.Results. 82.1% of the viral strains were resistant to one or more drugs. The frequency of resistance was higher for lamivudine (55.4%), nevirapine (54.3%), and efavirenz (52.6%), and lower for stavudine (11.0%). 45.1% were resistant to zidovudine. Resistance to protease inhibitors varied between 30% and 38%. We observed that the frequency of resistance is rising for the reverse transcriptase inhibitors but not for the protease  inhibitors.Conclusions. The frequency of resistance was higher for the antiretroviral drugs with a lower genetic barrier and for those which use has increasedduring these last years.