Indicadores de calidad sanitaria y fenotipificación de Salmonella enterica aislada de pollo crudo comercializado en el área urbana de Mérida, Venezuela

• Autores: Noreldy Molina, Beatriz Millán, María Araque
• Localización: Infectio: Revista de la Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, ISSN-e 2422-3794, ISSN 0123-9392, Vol. 14, Nº. 3, 2010
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Sanitary quality indicators and phenotyping of Salmonella enterica isolated from raw chickens marketed in urban area of Mérida, Venezuela.
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo:  Evaluar  la  calidad  sanitaria  del pollo crudo que se expende en supermer-cados  del  área  urbana  del  estado  Mérida, Venezuela,  y caracterizar  fenotípicamente las cepas aisladas de Samonella enterica.Materiales y métodos: Se estudiaron 45 muestras de pollo crudo (15 correspondie-ron  a  pollo  sin  aliños,  15  con  aliños  y  15 de  origen industrial).  Los  indicadores  de calidad  sanitaria  evaluados  fueron: bacte-rias  aerobias  mesófilas,  coliformes  totales, Escherichia  coli  y Staphylococcus  aureus, utilizando  la  metodología  de  la Comisión Venezolana   de   Normas   Industriales.   La identificación microbiológica  y  serológica de  Salmonella  spp.  se  realizó mediante técnicas   convencionales.   La   sensibilidad antimicrobiana  se determinó  por  concen-tración  inhibitoria  mínima  (CIM)  y,  para la detección  de  ?-lactamasas  de  espectro expandido (BLEE), se utilizó la prueba del si-nergismo del doble disco. La sensibilidad a desinfectantes se determinó por el método de dilución-neutralización.

  • English

    Objectives: Evaluate the sanitary quality of raw chicken sold in the urban  area of the State of Merida, Venezuela and characterize the phenotype of isolated Samonella enterica strains.Materials and methods: A total of 45 raw chicken samples were studied; 15 of them were without seasoning, 15 were with seasoning, and 15 were industrially processed. The following sanitary quality indicators were assessed: Mesophiles Aerobic Bacteria (MAB), total coliforms, E. coli and S.aureus, and the Venezuelan Commission of Industrial Norms methodology was used for that purpose. Microbiological and serological identification of Salmonella was carried out using conventional techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the detection of extended-spectrum ?- lactamases (ESBLs) was carried out by using the double disc synergy test. Susceptibility to disinfectants was determined by the dilution-neutralization method.Results. Regardless of the (not industrial) samples’ characteristics and/or the commercial establishment, it was determined that the ranges for MAB, total coliform, E. coli and S. aureus counts significantly exceeded limits of acceptability. Strains of Salmonella enterica were isolated in 20% of the samples, whose distribution showed that serovars Heidelberg (55.6%) and Enteritidis (22.2%) were the most frequent. These serovars showed multi-resistance to antibiotics and ESBLs production but were susceptible to the tested disinfectants. Conclusion. This study showed that raw chickens, with and without seasoning, processed in the surveyed commercial establishments do not meet the required microbiological quality standardssuitable for human consumption. Therefore, these are short-term perishable products and a haven for important pathogens that threaten consumer health.