Caracterización Espacial y Temporal del Plancton en la Ensenada Guayaquil y la Bahía Chile durante el verano Austral en la Isla Greenwich, Antártida

• Autores: Etelvina Vera Borbor, Eufredo Carlos Andrade Ruiz, Grijalva Endara Ana, John Ríos Vera
• Localización: Acta Oceanográfica del Pacífico, ISSN-e 2806-5522, Vol. 6, Nº. 1, 2024, págs. 1-38
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Spatial and Temporal Characterization of Plankton in Guayaquil Inlet and Chile Bay during the Southern Summer at Greenwich Island, Antarctica
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• Resumen
  • español

    The studies carried out in extreme environments are of vital importance to know the variability of plankton in low temperature conditions, during the Southern summer, during the XVIII Ecuadorian Antarctic Expedition, between January and February 2014, the study area was located in the Guayaquil Cove and Chile Bay (Greenwich Island), plankton samples were collected at surface and vertical level using simple cylindro-conical-conical nets of 335µ and 50µ respectively, in order to determine the distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Ten sampling stations were carried out in Guayaquil Inlet and 8 stations in Chile Bay in both strata. Nineteen phytoplankton species were identified at surface level and Thalassiosira sp 60.3%, Cyclotella sp.12.4% and Corethron criophylum with 12.7% were observed as dominant and 9 species in the water column, being dominant Thalassiosira sp.52%, Cyclotella sp. 25% and C. criophylum with 11%, observing a 68.12% of dissimilarity between both zones, registering as dissimilar species Thalassiosira sp., Cyclotella sp., Limnophora abreviata, Synedra ocus and Diploneis coffeif.ormis. In Chile Bay, 19 species were recorded at surface level, with two dominant species, Cyclotella sp. 36% and C. criophylum with 28%, while 10 species were recorded in the water column, with Cyclotella sp. 45% and C. criophylum 25%. Zooplankton was represented in Guayaquil Cove by 11 groups, with copepods and amphipods as dominant, in the vertical there were 7 groups represented mostly by copepods, in Chile Bay in both strata an average of 6 groups were recorded and copepods were the dominant ones. Within the Ecological indexes in the phytoplankton recorded a Shannon value of 1.3 bits/cel at the surface level and 1.2 bits/cel in the vertical, Simpson of 0.4 bits/cel in both strata and Pielou recorded an average of 0.75 bits/cel, in Guayaquil Inlet, in Chile Bay at surface level a H` value of 1.5 bits/cel and 1.2 bits/cel in the vertical was observed, Simpson with an average of 0.35 bits/cel in both strata and Pielou with 0.70 bits/cel at surface level and 0.9 bits/cel in the vertical.

  • English

    Los estudios realizados en ambientes extremos son de vital importancia para conocer la variabilidad del plancton en condiciones de bajas temperaturas, durante el verano Austral, que se realizó la XVIII Expedición Antártica Ecuatoriana, entre los meses de enero y febrero 2014, el área de estudio estuvo ubicado en la Ensenada Guayaquil y Bahía Chile (Isla Greenwich), se colectaron muestras de plancton obtenidas a nivel superficial y vertical empleando redes cilindro-cónicas simple de 335µ y 50µ respectivamente, a fín determinar la distribución del fitoplancton y zooplancton. Se realizaron 10 estaciones de muestreo en la Ensenada Guayaquil y 8 estaciones en la Bahía Chile en ambos estratos. Se identificaron 19 especies de fitoplancton a nivel superficial y con carácter dominante se observaron a Thalassiosira sp. 60,3%, Cyclotella sp. 12.4% y Corethron criophylum con 12.7% y 9 especies en columna de agua, siendo dominantes Thalassiosira sp. 52%, Cyclotella sp. 25% y C. criophylum con 11%, observándose un 68.12% de disimilitud entre ambas zonas registrando como especies disimiles a Thalassiosira sp., Cyclotella sp., Limnophora abreviata, Synedra ocus y Diploneis coffeiformis. En la Bahía Chile se registraron 19 especies a nivel superficial siendo dominantes dos especies Cyclotella sp. 36% y C. criophylum con 28%, mientras en la columna de agua se registraron 10 especies y como dominante se observaron a Cyclotella sp. 45% y C. criophylum con 25%. El zooplancton estuvo representado en la Ensenada Guayaquil por 11 grupos y como dominante se observaron a copépodos y anfípodos, en la vertical se registraron 7 grupos representado su mayoría por copépodos, en Bahía Chile en ambos estratos se registraron un promedio de 6 grupos y fueron los copépodos los dominantes. Dentro de los índices Ecológicos en el fitoplancton registraron un valor de Shannon de 1.3 bits/cel a nivel superficial y 1.2 bits/cel en el vertical, Simpson de 0.4 bits/cel en ambos estratos y Pielou registró un promedio de 0.75 bits/cel, en la Ensenada Guayaquil, en la Bahía Chile a nivel superficial se observó un valor H` de 1.5 bits/cel y 1.2 bits/cel en la vertical, Simpson con un promedio de 0.35 bits/cel en ambos estratos y Pielou con 0.70 bits/cel a nivel superficial y 0.9 bits/cel en la vertical.