Lipidómica: Una visión integral del perfil lipídico y su relación con el riesgo cardiovascular

• Punina Lindo, Karen Nicole ^[1] ; Ron Mora, Álvaro Sebastián ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Técnica de Ambato

     Universidad Técnica de Ambato

     Ambato, Ecuador

     
• Localización: Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología, ISSN 2796-9711, Nº. 4, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología)
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Lipidomics: A comprehensive view of the lipid profile and its relationship to cardiovascular risk
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Introducción: la Organización Mundial de la Salud manifestó que las enfermedades cardiovasculares ocasionan el fallecimiento de 17,9 millones de personas anualmente. La Sociedad Española de Arterioesclerosis recomendó el análisis lipídico completo que incluya colesterol total, colesterol HDL, triglicéridos, colesterol LDL, apolipoproteína B y lipoproteína (a) para riego cardiovascular. Objetivo: realizar un artículo de revisión sobre lipidómica y su enfoque integral en el análisis del perfil lipídico, con énfasis en su relación con el riesgo cardiovascular, mediante la búsqueda y síntesis de literatura científica relevante y actualizada. Métodos: se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus y en el motor de búsqueda Google Scholar, se siguió las directrices de PRISMA, se planteó la pregunta PICO, se incluyó estudios de los últimos 5 años y en idioma inglés. Resultados: se obtuvo un total de 5827 documentos y se incluyeron 11 artículos en el análisis de resultados. Se uso seis artículos para determinar la relación de colesterol no HDL, colesterol LDL, apolipoproteína B y colesterol remanente con el riesgo cardiovascular, tres para la relación entre de lipoproteína (a) y el riesgo cardiovascular y en relación a la etnia y fórmulas para determinar lipoproteínas se usaron dos. Conclusiones: la apolipoproteína B por sobre colesterol no HDL y colesterol LDL es mejor biomarcador lipídico, lipoproteína (a) se recomienda su medición una vez en la vida y es recomendable medir colesterol LDL de forma directa.

  • English

    Introduction: the World Health Organization stated that cardiovascular diseases cause the death of 17.9 million people annually. The Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis recommended complete lipid analysis including total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) for cardiovascular risk. Objective: to conduct a review article on lipidomics and its integral approach in the analysis of the lipid profile, with emphasis on its relationship with cardiovascular risk, by searching and synthesizing relevant and updated scientific literatura. Methods: the search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and in the Google Schoolar search engine, following the PRISMA guidelines, the PICO question was posed, studies from the last 5 years and in English language were included. Results: A total of 5827 documents were obtained and 11 articles were included in the analysis of results. Six articles were used to determine the relationship between non-HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and remaining cholesterol with cardiovascular risk, three for the relationship between lipoprotein (a) and cardiovascular risk and two were used in relation to ethnicity and formulas to determine lipoproteins. Conclusions: apolipoprotein B over non-HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is the best lipid biomarker, lipoprotein (a) is recommended to be measured once in life and it is advisable to measure LDL cholesterol directly. Introduction: the World Health Organization stated that cardiovascular diseases cause the death of 17.9 million people annually. The Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis recommended complete lipid analysis including total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) for cardiovascular risk. Objective: to conduct a review article on lipidomics and its integral approach in the analysis of the lipid profile, with emphasis on its relationship with cardiovascular risk, by searching and synthesizing relevant and updated scientific literatura. Methods: the search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and in the Google Schoolar search engine, following the PRISMA guidelines, the PICO question was posed, studies from the last 5 years and in English language were included. Results: A total of 5827 documents were obtained and 11 articles were included in the analysis of results. Six articles were used to determine the relationship between non-HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and remaining cholesterol with cardiovascular risk, three for the relationship between lipoprotein (a) and cardiovascular risk and two were used in relation to ethnicity and formulas to determine lipoproteins. Conclusions: apolipoprotein B over non-HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is the best lipid biomarker, lipoprotein (a) is recommended to be measured once in life and it is advisable to measure LDL cholesterol directly.