Predictors of adherence to diabetes medicationss: multicentre study from the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

• Dhfer Mahdi Alshayban ^[1] ; Sawsan Kurdi ^[1] ; Royes Joseph ^[1] ; Shaher Zafer Al Alshehri ^[2] ; Mohammed S. Alsharani ^[3] ; Yusuf M. Garwan ^[4]
  1. [1] Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
  2. [2] King Fahad Hospital of the University-Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
  3. [3] Emergency and Critical Care Department, King Fahad Hospital of the University-Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
  4. [4] Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.Mohammed ALSHAIBAN. King Khaled Hospital, Najran, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.

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• Localización: Pharmacy Practice (Granada), ISSN-e 1886-3655, Vol. 21, Nº. 4, 2023 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Oct-Dec)
• Idioma: inglés
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  • Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus disease (DM) is growing rapidly across the world, however the rate of increment is considerably high in Arab countries, which increases in them the risks of developing microvascular (e.g., retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and macrovascular diseases (e.g., cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular disease). Better Adherence to diabetes medications play important role in achieving better health outcomes and preventing the complications of the disease. However, there are different factors that might affect the adherences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the predicators of the level of adherence of type 2 DM patients in the Eastern Province, KSA. Methodology: 376 participants were randomly selected from two hospitals in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, and adherence towards anti-diabetic drugs was measured using the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS). Results: The participants included equal proportion of males and females, 79% with older than 50 years, 46% with an education of primary school or lower, and 43% with monthly income of 5000 SAR or lower. Among the participants, 22% did not have any diabetes related complications, 38% were on oral medication as well as insulin injection for diabetes and 10% had history of hospitalisation due to diabetes. Importantly, 37% (138/376) of participants were reported partial or lower adherence level, and only 42% (160/376) of participants reported high level of adherence. The degree of adherence was also lower among participants had Random blood glucose level (RBG) of 200 mg/dl or more compared to participants with RBG of 200 mg/dl or lower (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: This study identified several predictors to medication adherence in diabetics although some of them were not statistically significant. Educational interventions regarding the importance of adherence and consequences of non-adherence could promote better adherence in the population of Eastern province in Saudi Arabia.