Language use has an effect on the grammar, lexicon, and sound system of language. Users of language gain a feeling of what sounds right or wrong through repeated contact with sound patterns. This chapter explores ideas about the description of sound patterns and how repetition of sounds leads to procedural knowledge. It discusses the precursors to modern-day usage-based approaches to language as well as the start of modern-day usage-based approaches. The chapter also discusses models of mental categorization of sound input as well as specific language factors that rely on repetition. Usage-based approaches to modeling sound patterns are often based on exemplar theory and prototype theory, borrowed from the field of psychology. Exemplar theory offers a model to explain humans' ability to categorize input into cohesive groups.
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