This chapter describes several linguistic factors used to examine narrative structure, taken from the previous literature. Next, taking into consideration the use of the narrative present, an explanation of narrative structure, discourse grounding, and lexical semantics is examined. Following that, an overview of previous research on the narrative present and priming is presented. It then reviews research incorporating priming into the study of the narrative present. The narrative present is defined as being compatible with past events, which is common in narratives. In sum, the narrative present refers to the use of the simple present to express past events in narratives. According to Börjars and Vincent, priming is “the process whereby the choice between linguistic elements in a particular environment can be influenced by elements immediately preceding it.” This means that a preceding linguistic element can influence the choice of a following one.
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