Resumen de Asturias y Cantabria en el I milenio a.C.

Julio Fernández Manzano, Miguel Ángel de Blas Cortina

• español

  Asturias ofrece a fines de la Edad del Bronce abundantes productos metálicos, dada su riqueza en cobre. La producción de hachas plomadas denota contactos con áreas atlánticas y su frecuencia sugiere una producción ritual, confirmada por los calderos enterrados en minas, posteriormente, por creaciones como la diadema de Oscos. Tras el siglo VI a.C., sigue un período oscuro hasta los siglos II-I a.C., cuando aparecen poblados fortificados en las áreas bajas con buenos suelos agrícolas del centro-oriente, donde, a partir de la era, aparecen los asentamientos romanos.-- Cantabria, sin recursos metalúrgicos, parece marginal durante el Bronce Final. En la Edad del Hierro sólo se conocen escasas hachas de talón, algunas cerámicas poco significativas y algunos análisis polínicos, existiendo un vacío documental hasta los siglos II-I a.C., en que aparecen los cántabros históricos.

• English

  Asturias and Santander despite the geographical unformity of the Cantabrian Cornice, are studied separately.

  Asturias offers abundant metal products from the Late Bronze Age, which is explained by the rich copper deposits of the centre-west of the region and the work of workshops devoted to the distribution of axes with a high lead content, which denotes contacts with the Northwest and the Atlantic parts of the peninsula.

  The rarity of metal finds compared with the frequency of palstaves suggests specialised production of a ritual rather than an economic nature, confirmed by the cauldrons buried in mines and, at a later date, by precious metal creations such as the diadem of Los Oscos. From the 6th century onwards the decadence of the metallurgical workshops heralds a dark age lasting until the 2nd-1st centuries B.C., when fortified settlements appear in the lowlands with good farming lands in the centre-east, where Roman settlements appear from the early 1st century A.D. onwards.

  Cantabria, lacking mineral resaurces, appears to have been a marginal territory during the Late Bronze Age. In the Iron Age only some palstaves are known, and some pollen analyses. Evidence from the Early Iron Age is lacking and the later materials relate to the 2nd-1st centuries B.C., existing, as in Asturias an vacuum of evidence between the Bronze Age and the historical Cantabrians.