Risk factors of deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: Results from a cross-sectional study

• Agnieszka Cyran ^[1] ; Patryk Piotrowski ^[1] ; Jerzy Samochowiec ^[2] ; Tomasz Grąźlewski ^[2] ; Błażej Misiak ^[2]
  1. [1] Wrocław Medical University

     Wrocław Medical University

     Breslavia, Polonia

     
  2. [2] Pomeranian Medical University

     Pomeranian Medical University

     Szczecin, Polonia

     
• Localización: Revista de psiquiatría y salud mental, ISSN 1888-9891, ISSN-e 1989-4600, Vol. 15, Nº. 4, 2022, págs. 223-229
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Factores de riesgo para la esquizofrenia deficitaria y no deficitaria: resultados de un estudio transversal
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• Resumen

  • Aim:It has been observed that deficit and non-deficits chizophrenia (SCZ-D and SCZ-ND) might be characterized by different risk factors.Therefore,the present study aimed to assess as to whether previously reported risk factors of schizophrenia are specifically associated with SCZ-D andSCZ-ND. Method:This study was based on a cohort of 118 stable outpatients with schizophrenia. A diagnosis of SCZ-D was established using the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS). Risk factors were recorded using structured interview ,the Operational Criteria for Psychotic Illness(OPCRIT) check list and the Traumatic Experience Checklist (TEC). The following risk factors were explored:male sex,a history of schizophrenia in first-degree relatives, seasonality of birth, birthweight<3000g,delivery by cesarean section,a history of childhood trauma (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse and sexual abuse) as well as substance abuse (other than nicotine) and cigarette smoking at psychosis on set.Results: Individuals with SCZ-D were more likely to be males as well as reported high errates of birthweight <3000 gand any categories of childhood trauma. In turn,substance abuse (other than nicotine) at psychosis on set was significantly more frequent in patients with SCZ-ND. Binary logistic regression, controlling for multiple comparisons, revealed similar findings, except for the association with any categories of childhood trauma that appeared to be not significant. Conclusion: Our findings partially replicate differential patterns of risk factors for SCZ-D (male sex and birthweight <3000g) and SCZ-ND (substance abuse a tpsychosis on set), likely attributable to the effects of timing of exposure