The colony form of several examples of the living alga Botryococcus braunii and three fossil gelosic algae; the presumed Brotryococcus braunii from the Westfield Torbanite, Gloeocapsamorpha prisca from Kukersite and an unnamed algal microfossil from the Ordovician Galena Oil Shale of Illinois, U.S.A., are described from the light and electron microscopes. The three microfossils have all previously been related to Botryococcus braunii. Comparison of the modern and fossil material displays the lack of structural similarity between the three fossil gelosic algae and between the fossil and modern algae. The three microfossil algae represent three separate genera, and can not be described under the name Botryo- coccus braunii.
Observations of the behaviour of modern Botryococcus are described and interpreted in terms of palaeoenvironmental conditions involved in the formation and relationship of cannel coal, algal cannel coal and boghead deposits.
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