Non-pharmacological treatment-related changes of molecular biomarkers in major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Courtney L. Irwin ^[1] ; Patrícia S. Coelho ^[2] ; Bruno Kluwe-Schiavo ^[2] ; Anabela Silva-Fernandes ^[2] ; Óscar F. Gonçalves ^[3] ; Jorge Leite ^[5] ; Sandra Carvalho ^[4]
  1. [1] University of Ottawa

     University of Ottawa

     Canadá

     
  2. [2] Universidade do Minho

     Universidade do Minho

     Braga (São José de São Lázaro), Portugal

     
  3. [3] Universidade de Coimbra

     Universidade de Coimbra

     Coimbra (Sé Nova), Portugal

     
  4. [4] Universidade de Aveiro

     Universidade de Aveiro

     Vera Cruz, Portugal

     
  5. [5] Portucalense University

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• Localización: International journal of clinical and health psychology, ISSN 1697-2600, Vol. 23, Nº. 3, 2023, págs. 51-60
• Idioma: inglés
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mood disorder and leading cause of disability. Despite treatment advances, approximately 30% of individuals with MDD do not achieve adequate clinical response. Better understanding the biological mechanism(s) underlying clinical response to specific psychopharmacological interventions may help fine tune treatments in order to further modulate their underlying mechanisms of action. However, little is known regarding the effect of non-pharmacological treatments (NPTs) on candidate molecular biomarker levels in MDD. This review aims to identify molecular biomarkers that may elucidate NPT response for MDD.

    Methods We performed a systematic review and a multilevel linear mixed-effects meta-analyses, and a meta-regression. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO in October 2020 and July 2021.

    Results From 1387 retrieved articles, 17 and six studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analyses, respectively. Although there was little consensus associating molecular biomarker levels with symptomology and/or treatment response, brain metabolites accessed via molecular biomarker-focused neuroimaging techniques may provide promising information on whether an individual with MDD would respond positively to NPTs. Furthermore, non-invasive brain stimulation interventions significantly increased the expression of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) compared to sham/placebo, regardless of add-on pharmacological treatment.