Changes in vertical jump performance and body composition before and after COVID-19 lockdown

Erik Tan; Samuel Montalvo; Matthew P. González; Martin S. Dietze-Hermosa; See Min; Sandor Dorgo

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Changes in vertical jump performance and body composition before and after COVID-19 lockdown

Erik Tan ^[4] ; Samuel Montalvo ^[1] ; Matthew P. González ^[2] ; Martin S. Dietze-Hermosa ^[3] ; See Min ^[4] ; Sandor Dorgo ^[2]
1. [1] University of Texas at El Paso
  
  University of Texas at El Paso
  
  Estados Unidos
2. [2] University of Texas at San Antonio
  
  University of Texas at San Antonio
  
  Estados Unidos
3. [3] Brigham Young University
  
  Brigham Young University
  
  Estados Unidos
4. [4] National Sports Institute of Malaysia
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Localización: Journal of Human Sport and Exercise: JHSE, ISSN-e 1988-5202, Vol. 18, Nº. 1, 2023, págs. 224-241
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- This study aimed to determine the effects of a 16-week COVID-19 lockdown on body composition and vertical jump performance. Thirteen martial artists participated in this study. Participants were tested at: 1) pre-lockdown (pre), 2) post-lockdown (post), 3) two-weeks-post-lockdown (post+2), and 4) four-weeks-post-lockdown (post+4). Repeated-measures-ANOVAs were conducted with post-hoc analyses. Differences were observed in vertical jump height (VJH) (10.33%), peak velocity (PV) (3.10%), reactive-strength-index-modified (RSImod) (13.8%), and peak-propulsive-power (PPP) (6.00%) from pre-to-post. There as an increase from post-to-post+2 in VJ (13.06%), PV (4.12%), RSImod (14.0%), and PPP (4.66%). There was an increase from post to post+2 in VJH (10.8%), PV (3.1%), RSImod (14.0%), and PPP (3.0%). Fat mass (FM) and BF% increased from pre to post (13% and 11%, respectively) and decreased from post to post+4 (8% and 11%, respectively); fat-free mass (FFM) decreased from pre-to-post (11%) and decreased from post-to-post+4 (8%). There were moderate associations (rmc = 0.42-0.47) between FFM and VJH, FMM and PPP, FFM and PV, BF% and PV, and FM and PV. While the lockdown resulted in a significant decrease in vertical jump performance and increases in BF and FM, participant’s performance returned to pre-lockdown levels after only 2-4 weeks of post-lockdown training by decreasing BF, FM, and increasing FFM.