Resumen de Perfil epidemiológico y clínico de personas hospitalizadas por VIH/sida en el departamento del Meta, Colombia

Eimy Yarleidy León Pinzón, Nelly J. Loboa Rodríguez, Yhonatan Andrés Ramírez Ramírez

• español

  Introducción: desde sus primeros diagnósticos, el VIH/sida ha sido un evento de interés en salud pública y en el ámbito clínico, cuyo avance en la terapia antirretroviral ha permitido su transformación de enfermedad catastrófica rápidamente progresiva a crónica, con cifras de incidencia pandémicas. Objetivo: describir características epidemiológicas y manifestaciones clínicas de personas con diagnóstico de VIH/sida, atendidas en hospitales públicos del departamento del Meta, Colombia, durante los años 2014 a 2019. Materiales y métodos: estudio epidemiológico observacional, transversal, a partir de fuentes secundarias. Resultados: la mediana de edad fue 38 años (RIC 29-49), el 20,4 % fueron mujeres, predominó la residencia en zona urbana (85,6 %), el régimen subsidiado fue del 63,9 %. Los ingresos de hospitalización por signos y síntomas infecciosos fueron del 82,4 %. La mediana del conteo de linfocitos T CD4 fue 61,5 células/mm3 (RIC 22,7-186,2). Se encontró el 3,7 % de los casos con reporte de carga viral indetectable. El 48,7 % de los casos recibía tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR). Conclusiones: en los hospitales de mayor complejidad del departamento del Meta fueron hospitalizados principalmente jóvenes de sexo masculino, con síntomas de síndrome constitucional al ingreso. Más de la mitad de los casos no recibía TAR, condicionante para la disminución de la calidad de vida de las personas que viven con VIH/sida (PVVS).

• English

  Introduction: since its first diagnoses in the 80s of the 20th century, HIV / AIDS was established as an event of interest in public health and the clinical field, which, due to the technological advance that has been achieved through Of the time, when treated with antiretroviral therapy, it has gone from being a rapidly progressive catastrophic disease to a chronic disease. with incidence figures worldwide that have sustained it as a pandemic. Objective: to describe the epidemiological characteristics and some clinical manifestations of people with a diagnosis of HIV / AIDS; that were treated in the two public hospitals in the department of Meta, Colombia, between 2014 and 2019. Methods: cross-sectional, observational epidemiological study; from secondary sources. Results: the median age was 38 years (IQR 29 - 49), 20.4% of the cases corresponded to women, the residence was mainly in urban areas (85.6%), the subsidized health system insurance regime predominated with the 63.9%. Admissions to hospitalization for infectious signs and symptoms was 82.4%. Anemia (66.3%) and thrombocytopenia (45.5%) presented the highest incidence in the blood line alteration. The median CD4 T lymphocyte count was 61.5 cells / mm3 IQR (22.7 - 186.2). Undetectable viral load was found in 3.7% of reported cases. More than half of the cases studied did not receive ART before their last hospitalization. Conclusions: in the institutions that provide public health services of greater complexity that exist in the department of Meta; Mainly young men were cared for, who presented symptoms of constitutional syndrome at hospital admission; More than half of the cases did not receive ART before the last hospitalization, this being a condition for the decrease in the quality of life of PLWHA.