A new autoimmune disease: atopic dermatitis in children

• Emanuela Floca ^[1] ; Remus Gaga ^[1] ; Genel Sur ^[1] ; Iulia Lupan ^[2] ; Ionel Armat ^[3] ; Gabriel Samasca ^[4] ; LuciaM. Sur ^[5]
  1. [1] Pediatrics II Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  2. [2] Molecular Biology Department, Babes Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  3. [3] Cardiovasculare and Transplant Emergency Institute of Târgu Mureș, Romania
  4. [4] Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacology “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  5. [5] Pediatrics Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

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• Localización: Allergologia et immunopathologia: International journal for clinical and investigate allergology and clinical immunology, ISSN-e 1578-1267, ISSN 0301-0546, Vol. 50, Nº. 6, 2022, págs. 17-21
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is mainly considered an allergy, exacerbated by allergic factors. Is there evidence to suggest the existence of autoimmune components in the pathophysiology of the illness? Studies in the literature that dealt with the occurrence of autoimmunity in children with AD were analyzed. We followed the studies published in PubMed for 10 years, from 2001 to 2021. Clinical signs and symptoms were similar to other autoimmune diseases, having periods of remission and relapses. Other correlations between AD and autoimmune diseases have been described, and patients with AD can also present with a wide range of autoimmune comorbidities. Three major factors contribute to the pathogenesis of AD: damage of the skin barrier, disorders of the immune response, and imbalances of the skin microbiome—all based on genetic changes and influenced by environmental factors. Predominant activation of Th 2 cells, with the increase of Th 1, Th 17, and Th 22 subsets, promotes skin inflammation. All this evidence suggests that AD might be classified as an autoimmune disease, not just as an allergic reaction.