Resumen de Revisión sobre los Algoritmos Fonéticos utilizados para realizar búsquedas en los sistemas de información

Selianne Labañino Urbina, Camileidis Labañino Gainza, Orlando Grabiel Toledano López

• español

  La existencia de los algoritmos fonéticos obedece a la necesidad de recuperar información que tiene semejanza sonora y cuya presentación a través de la palabra puede diferir de su pronunciación. Evidenciándose  en el mundo actual con la existente tasa de error en palabras o datos escritos idénticos, debido a errores ortográficos y tipográficos, variaciones en el orden de las palabras y el uso de prefijos y sufijos. Actualmente ya existen algoritmos que han sido trabajados no precisamente para el idioma en español, pero que nos ayudarán a tener un enfoque más claro en una búsqueda comparativa que permita dar resultados sin importar errores ya descritos anteriormente, como es el caso del Algoritmo Soundex.

• English

  The existence of phonetic algorithms is due to the need to retrieve information that has sound resemblance and whose presentation through the word may differ from its pronunciation. Evidenced in today's world with the existing error rate in identical words or written data, due to spelling and typographical errors, variations in word order and the use of prefixes and suffixes. Currently there are already algorithms that have been worked not precisely for the Spanish language, but that will help us to have a clearer focus in a comparative search that allows us to give results regardless of errors described above, as is the case of the Soundex Algorithm. A review of the scientific literature on the use of this type of algorithm was carried out, identifying which are the most relevant characteristics of these algorithms, advantages of their use and other elements of interest. It is of great relevance since information systems currently use phonetic coding methods to simplify the search in databases when only the pronunciation of a proper name is known but not its exact transcription, allowing to have a broader knowledge about the usefulness of these algorithms, leading to better decision-making and providing new opportunities to exploit this knowledge and be applied to various environments.