Resumen de Tronbosia PICCa ezarrita duten paziente onkologiko eta hemato-onkologikoetan
- euskara
SARRERA: Erakutsi dituzten abantailak direla eta, periferikoki txertaturiko kateter zentralen (PICC: peripherally inserted central catheter) erabilera igo egin da azken urteotan, minbizidun pazienteetan batez ere. Orokorrean gainerako zain-kateter zentralak baino seguruagoak izan arren, PICCak tronbosia garatzeko arrisku handiagoa duela ikusi da. Lotura hau garrantzitsua da, zeren minbizidun pazienteek, morbilitate altuagoa edukitzeaz gain, zain-tronboenbolismoa garatzeko arrisku altuagoa baitute. MATERIAL ETA METODOAK: Datu-bilketa prospektibo batetik abiatuz, kohorte-ikerketa erretrospektiboa egin zen 2018ko maiatzaren 15etik 2019ko abenduaren 15era bitartean Donostia Unibertsitate Ospitalean (DUO) PICCa ezarri zitzaien paziente onkologiko eta hemato-onkologikoekin. Paziente horien tronbosia garatzeko arrisku-faktoreak aztertu ziren, datuen analisi deskriptiboa eta analisi bibariatua eginez (Pearson-en X2). EMAITZAK: Ikerketan 1.024 pazientek hartu zuten parte, eta tronbosiaren intzidentzia % 4,9koa izan zen. Oinarriko gaixotasun ohikoenak digestio-aparatuko minbizia eta linfoma izan ziren, bai paziente guztien artean baita tronbosia jasan zutenen artean ere. Analisi bibariatuan aztertutako arrisku-faktoreak (espezialitatea, PICCaren argi kopurua, PICCaren materiala eta PICCak zainaren barnean okupatzen zuen ehunekoa) ez ziren estatistikoki erlazionatu paziente horien tronbosirako arriskuarekin. EZTABAIDA: Azterturiko populazioan gertatutako tronbosiaren intzidentzia literatura zientifikoan orain arte argitaratutakoarekin bat dator, nahiz eta lan honetan tronbosi sintomatikoen tasa altuagoa izan egindako beste zenbait ikerketarekin alderatuta. DUOn egiten den tronbosiaren maneiua kasu gehienetan egokia dela ikusi zen. PICCari loturiko tronbosiarekin erlazionaturiko arrisku-faktore esanguratsurik aurkitu ez zenez, ezinezkoa izan zen profilaxi antitronbotikoarekin onura izango lukeen paziente-multzoa definitzea.
- English
INTRODUCTION: In recent years, the use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) has increased due to their advantages, especially in oncologic patients. Despite being generally safer than other central venous catheters, PICC has shown a higher risk of developing thrombosis. This association is important since oncologic patients carry both additional risks for complex morbidity and for deep vein thrombosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Starting with a prospective data collection, oncologic and haemato-oncologic patients referred for PICC insertion were reviewed in a retrospective cohort study in the period between 15th May 2018 and 15th December 2019 in Donostia University Hospital. A descriptive analyse and a bivariate analyse (Pearson’s X2) of the data were used to study the risk factors of these patients in developing thrombosis. RESULTS: 1024 patients took part in the study, with an incidence of 4,9% in thrombosis. Digestive system tumours and lymphoma were the most usual baseline pathologies, both in every patient and in patients who developed thrombosis. Risk factors studied in bivariate analyse (specialty, PICC’s light quantity, PICC’s materials and PICC’s percentage of occupation into the vein) were not statistically associated with thrombosis development. DISCUSSION: The incidence of thrombosis in the studied population showed the same results as the scientific literature, despite the rate of symptomatic thrombosis in this study was higher compared to other scientific studies. Generally, the management of thrombosis in Donostia University Hospital showed right results. Due to the fact that there were not found significant risk factors related to PICC’s thrombosis, it is not possible to define a group of patients which would benefit from the antithrombotic prophylaxis.
