Resumen de Condición oral de diabéticos tipo 2 hospitalizados durante los años 2015 y 2018. Estudio transversal.

Mariana Cartens, Verónica San Martín Osses, Yumiko Tsukame, Verónica Astorga, Diego Prieto, M. Cristina Coloma, Guillermo Arenas

• español

  Objetivo:Comparar la condición oral entre pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y no diabéticos, hospitalizados en el Hospital Parroquial de San Bernardo (HPSB) durante los años 2015 - 2018. Materiales y Método:Se realizó un estudio transversal donde se evaluaron 439 pacienteshospitalizados en los servicios de medicina y cirugía del HPSB durante los años 2015-2018. Se determinó la prevalencia enfermedad periodontal, caries y pérdida dentaria. Además se evaluaron factores de riesgo de periodontitis. La distribución de las variables continuas se determinó mediante test de Shapiro Wilk y el análisis se realizó utilizando test deMann-Whitney, Chi-cuadrado y regresión logística.Resultados:Un 82,05% de los pacientes diabéticos presentó periodontitis comparado con un 56,52% de los no diabéticos (valor p < 0.001). Los diabéticos presentaron una prevalencia de 66,67% de caries mientras que la prevalencia fue de un 62,82% para los no diabéticos (valor p = 0,200).  La mediana del número de dientes ausentes, fue de 9 con un rango intercuartílico (RIC) de 9  para los no diabéticos y de 14 (RIC 8) para diabéticos (valor p < 0.001). La diabétes se comportó como un factor de riesgo de tener periodontis con un OR de 3,51 (IC 95% 2,08 – 5,92; valor p < 0,001).Conclusión:Los pacientes diabéticos hospitalizados presentaron peor condición oral que los no diabéticos, con mayor prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal y número de dientes perdidos. Se sugiere mejorar la atención odontológica en diabéticos.

• English

  Objective: To compare the oral condition between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetics, hospitalized at the San Bernardo Parish Hospital (HPSB) during the years 2015 - 2018. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 439 hospitalized patients were assessed in the medicine and surgery services of the HPSB during 2015-2018. The prevalence of periodontal disease, caries, and tooth loss was determined. Also, risk factors for periodontitis were evaluated. The distribution of continuous variables was determined using the Shapiro Wilk test and the analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square, and logistic regression. Results: 82.05% of diabetic patients had periodontitis compared to 56.52% of non-diabetic patients (p-value <0.001). Diabetics had a caries prevalence of 66.67%, while the prevalence was 62.82% for non-diabetics (p-value = 0.200). The median number of tooth loss was 9 with an interquartile range (IQR) of 9 for non-diabetics and 14 (IQR 8) for diabetics (p-value <0.001). Diabetes behaved as a risk factor for periodontitis with an OR of 3.51 (95% CI 2.08 - 5.92; p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Hospitalized diabetic patients had a worse oral condition compared to non-diabetics, reflected in a higher prevalence of periodontal disease and the number of tooth loss. These results suggest the need to improve dental care in hospitalized diabetic patients. Objective: To compare the oral condition between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetics, hospitalized at the San Bernardo Parish Hospital (HPSB) during the years 2015 - 2018.Material and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 439 hospitalized patients were assessed in the medicine and surgery services of the HPSB during 2015-2018. The prevalence of periodontal disease, caries, and tooth loss was determined. Also, risk factors for periodontitis were evaluated. The distribution of continuous variables was determined using the Shapiro Wilk test and the analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square, and logistic regression.Results: 82.05% of diabetic patients had periodontitis compared to 56.52% of non-diabetic patients (p-value <0.001). Diabetics had a caries prevalence of 66.67%, while the prevalence was 62.82% for non-diabetics (p-value = 0.200). The median number of tooth loss was 9 with an interquartile range (IQR) of 9 for non-diabetics and 14 (IQR 8) for diabetics (p-value <0.001). Diabetes behaved as a risk factor for periodontitis with an OR of 3.51 (95% CI 2.08 - 5.92; p-value <0.001).Conclusion: Hospitalized diabetic patients had a worse oral condition compared to non-diabetics, reflected in a higher prevalence of periodontal disease and the number of tooth loss. These results suggest the need to improve dental care in hospitalized diabetic patients.