Oral microbiome and systemic antineoplastics in cancer treatment: a systematic review
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Manuel Eros Rodríguez-Fuentes [1] ; Mario Pérez-Sayáns [1] ; Luis Alberto Chauca-Bajaña [1] ; Gema Barbeito-Castiñeiras [2] ; María Luisa Pérez del Molino-Bernal [2] ; Rafael López-López [2]
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[1] Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela, España
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[2] Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago
Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago
Santiago de Compostela, España
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- Localización: Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa, ISSN-e 1698-6946, Vol. 27, Nº. 3 (May), 2022
- Idioma: inglés
- Enlaces
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Resumen
Oral mucositis is one of the most common side effects in cancer patients receiving systemic antineoplastics. However, the underlying biological mechanisms leading to this condition are still unclear. For this reason, it has been hypothesised that systemic antineoplastics may cause an imbalance on the oral microbiota that subsequently triggers oral mucosa damage.
A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA protocol and the PICO question established was: patients diagnosed with cancer, who are candidates for receiving systemic antineoplastics (P=Patients), that undergo oral microbiome determinations (I=Intervention), before and after systemic antineoplastics administration (C=Comparison), to analyse changes in the oral microbiome composition (O=Outcome). The bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed and other scientific repositories.
Out of 166 obtained articles, only 5 met eligibility criteria. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) was the most frequent type of cancer (40 %) among the participants. Only one of the studies included a control group of healthy subjects. Heterogeneity in the protocols and approaches of the included studies hindered a detailed comparison of the outcomes. However, it was stated that a decrease in bacteria α diversity is often associated with oral mucositis. On the other hand, fungal diversity was not associated with oral mucositis although α diversity was lower at baseline on patients developing oral candidiasis.
There is insufficient scientific evidence of oral microbiological changes in patients undergoing systemic antineoplastics. Further investigations ought to be carried out to identify microorganisms that might play a key role in the pathogenesis of oral mucosa damage in patients undergoing systemic antineoplastics.
