Early Signs of Inflammation With Mild Oxidative Stress in Mixed Martial Arts Athletes After Simulated Combat
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José Alberto Fernandes Gomes dos Santos [1] ; Rafael Herling Lambertucci ; Cristina V. Vardaris ; Maria Elizabeth Pereira Passos [3] ; Edenilson Pinto Silva-Junior [3] ; Elaine Hatanaka [3] ; Renata Gorjao ; Steven R. McAnulty ; Tácito Pessoa de Souza Júnior [2] ; Marcelo Paes de Barros
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[1] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná
Brasil
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[2] Appalachian State University
Appalachian State University
Township of Boone, Estados Unidos
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[3] Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity and Sports Science (ICAFE), Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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- Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 36, Nº. 1, 2022, págs. 180-186
- Idioma: inglés
- Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
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Resumen
Combat sports involve a combination of strenuous physical activity, usually at the anaerobic threshold, followed by intermittent low-intensity recovery periods for energy re-establishment. Oxidative stress and inflammation are inevitable exercise-related processes that could drastically affect athletic performance and practitioners' health, unless efficiently controlled during and after physical activities. This study aims to measure oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers in the plasma of 12 top ranked professional Mixed Martial Arts (MMAs) athletes before and after simulated combats under official rules (pre-post study). Our results show that the athletes exhibited mild oxidative imbalances in plasma, evidenced by significant (p < 0.01) higher contents of both reduced (+7.3%) and oxidized glutathione (+28%), uric acid (+21%), and "free" iron (+21%) after combat, whereas variation tendencies (0.05 < p < 0.01) were observed in the antioxidant capacity in plasma (-40%), and SOD (-27%) or GPX (+20%) antioxidant activities in erythrocytes. However, a clear pro-inflammatory state was detected by increases in circulating cytokines IL-6 (+6,020%), IL-1[beta] (+4,357%), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (+63%), and by an abrupt drop of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (-98%). A significant correlation was observed between pre-post variations of IL-6 and GSH/GSSG ratio in plasma (p < 0.0001), which reinforces the integration between oxidative stress and inflammation during MMA combats. Considering metabolic and mechanical stresses (imposed by combat techniques, e.g., punches and joint locks), this study indicates pre-existing inflammation, although minor oxidative stress, in MMA professionals after combat.
