Development and Maintenance of Sprint Training Adaptations: An Uphill-Downhill Study
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Athanassios Bissas [3] ; Giorgos P. Paradisis [4] ; Gareth Nicholson [1] ; Josh Walker [1] ; Brian Hanley [1] ; Konstantinos Havenetidis [5] ; Carlton B. Cooke [2]
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[1] Leeds Beckett University
Leeds Beckett University
Reino Unido
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[2] Leeds Trinity University
Leeds Trinity University
Reino Unido
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[3] Athletics Biomechanics, Leeds, United Kingdom
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[4] Athletics Sector, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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[5] Faculty of Physical & Cultural Education, Hellenic Army Academy, Attica, Greece
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- Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 36, Nº. 1, 2022, págs. 90-98
- Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
We examined the development of performance adaptations resulting from an uphill-downhill training program and monitored the decline of adaptations during detraining. Twenty-eight men were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 sprint training groups who trained 3 times per week for 6 weeks and a control group (C). The uphill-downhill group (U+D) trained on an 80-m platform with 3[degrees] slopes, whereas the horizontal (H) group trained on flat track. Subjects were tested for maximal running speed (MRS), associated kinematics, and leg strength before and after training, with U+D subjects also tested after weeks 2 and 4 of training, and after a 3-week detraining period. The U+D group increased their MRS by 3.7% (from 8.75 +/- 0.72 to 9.07 +/- 0.64 m[middle dot]s-1, p < 0.05), their stride rate by 3.1% (from 4.21 +/- 0.21 to 4.34 +/- 0.18 Hz, p < 0.05), and their knee extensors' maximum isometric force by 21% (from 2,242 +/- 489 to 2,712 +/- 498 N, p < 0.05) after training. The time course of changes showed declines for weeks 1-4 (1.4-5.1%), but an ascending trend of improvement compensated all losses by the end of week 6 (p < 0.05). During detraining, no decreases occurred. No changes were observed for the H and C groups. The minimum period to produce positive effects was 6 weeks, with a very good standard of performance maintained 3 weeks after training. U+D training will prove useful for all athletes requiring fast adaptations, and it can fit into training mesocycles because of its low time demands.
