Resumen de The application of translation strategies and predicate transformations in teaching written translation
The aim of the article was to investigate the impact of context and instructions on the situation during written translation. In particular, the objective was to clarify two aspects: pragmatic (preservation of the pragmatics of the original in the translation, taking into account the task) and syntactic (the impact of changing the syntax on the correctness of the translation). The following methods were used: contextual discourse analysis, description, classification, observation. Experimental research has shown that when translated without context or situation, the translator can only rely on prior knowledge and internal context. At the same time, situational awareness to better understand the meaning of what is being said than the context of the passage, except for sentences that are highly dependent on the context of the passage. It turned out that the syntax change is not an indicator of the correctness of the translation and does not depend on the context or situation, but on the peculiarities of a particular sentence and the preferences of the translator. Context-based translation has been shown to broaden the variability of lexical units, allow more frequent use of concretization and generalization strategies, and change syntax more boldly. When analyzing the translation strategies in texts of different genres, it was found that the use of translation strategies depends not only on the type of text, but also on the preferences of the translator. The conclusions presented in the article can be used to build theoretical models, to carry out future experimental research to study the translation process or directly in the practice of teaching translation. In addition, the constructed and grounded method of experimental study of translation can be studied in more detail in future works, supplemented and expanded, with the participation of texts from various scientific subjects (natural sciences, humanities, social sciences, etc.). It will also be effective during the practical application of the scientific, journalistic, artistic, official-business styles and their sub-styles, as well as for various target audiences.
