Oral Kaposi sarcoma development is associated with HIV viral load, CD4+ count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio

• Rosa Hiolanda Abreu de Sousa ^[1] ; Lucas Lacerda de Souza ^[1] ; Pablyanne Tereza Louzada Guedes ^[1] ; Ana Carolina Prado-Ribeiro ^[2] ; Leticia Rodrigues-Oliveira ^[3] ; Thaís Bianca Brandão ^[4] ; Barbara Waleria Gonçalves Alves ^[1] ; Márcio Ajudarte Lopes ^[3] ; Alan Roger Santos-Silva ^[3] ; Julius Caesar Mendes Soares Monteiro ^[1] ; Thaís Tapajós Gonçalves ^[1] ; Oslei Paes de Almeida ^[3] ; Flavia Sirotheau Correa Pontes ^[1] ; Hélder Antônio Rebelo Pontes ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Federal de Pará

     Universidad Federal de Pará

     Brasil

     
  2. [2] Oral Diagnosis Department (Pathology and Semiology), Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil; Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP-FMUSP), Brazil
  3. [3] Oral Diagnosis Department (Pathology and Semiology), Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
  4. [4] Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP-FMUSP), Brazil

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• Localización: Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa, ISSN-e 1698-6946, Vol. 26, Nº. 6 (November), 2021
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an uncommon, multifocal and angioproliferative lesion, which demonstrates a poor prognosis. The aim of the present research was to explore the association of HIV viral load, CD4+ and CD8+ counts and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio on the risk of oral Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) development.

    A total of 62 patients were retrieved from March 2008 to October 2020 from the files of two oral pathology centres. Clinical, laboratory and follow-up data were retrieved from their medical files. Poisson regression was used to explore the role of history of immunosuppression and its association with oral KS development. A P-value <0.05 was considered significant.

    Sixty-two patients were included in the present study (32 with oral KS and 30 with no presentation of lesions anywhere on the body). Patients with oral KS presented a mean age of 32.6 years, and male patients were more affected. The hard palate (15 cases; 46.8%) was the main anatomical site affected. The lesions were mostly presented as swellings (13 cases; 40.6%) and nodules (12 cases; 37.5%). Systemic manifestations were also observed, including candidiasis (4 cases; 12.5%), bacterial infection (3 cases; 9.3%), tuberculosis (3 cases; 9.3%), herpes simplex (3 cases; 9.3%) and pneumonia (3 cases; 9.3%). A significant correlation was observed between HIV viral load, CD4+ count and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio with oral KS development.

    HIV viral load, CD4+ count and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio are associated with oral KS development.