Effects of Maturation on Physical Fitness Adaptations to Plyometric Jump Training in Youth Females
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Claudio Romero [3] ; Rodrigo Ramírez Campillo [3] ; Cristian Álvarez-Lepín [3] ; Jason J. Moran [1] ; Maamer Slimani [4] ; Javier González Rivera [2] ; Winfried Banzer [2]
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[1] University of Essex
University of Essex
Colchester District, Reino Unido
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[2] Goethe University Frankfurt
Goethe University Frankfurt
Frankfurt, Alemania
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[3] Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Laboratory of Human Performance, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport,Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
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[4] Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, Gafsa University, Tunisia
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- Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 35, Nº. 10, 2021, págs. 2870-2877
- Idioma: inglés
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- Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
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Resumen
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of maturation on physical fitness adaptations to plyometric jump training (PJT) in youth females. Jumping, sprinting, change of direction speed, endurance, and maximal strength were measured pre-post 6 weeks of PJT in 7th- and 10th-grade subjects. In the seventh grade, subjects formed a PJT group (Plyo-7, n = 10; age, 12.7 +/- 0.6 years; breast maturation stages IV [n = 2], III [n = 7], and II [n = 1]) and an active control group (Con-7, n = 9; age, 12.8 +/- 0.6 years; breast maturation stages IV [n = 2], III [n = 6], and II [n = 1]). In the 10th grade, subjects conformed a PJT group (Plyo-10, n = 9; age, 16.3 +/- 0.5 years; breast maturation stages V [n = 5] and IV [n = 4]) and an active control group (Con-10, n = 9; age, 16.2 +/- 0.5 years; breast maturation stages V [n = 5] and IV [n = 4]). Magnitude-based inferences were used for data analysis, with effect sizes (ESs) interpreted as <0.2 = trivial; 0.2-0.6 = small; 0.6-1.2 = moderate; 1.2-2.0 = large; and 2.0-4.0 = very large. The Plyo-7 and Plyo-10 showed meaningful improvements in all physical fitness measures (ES = 0.21-2.22), while Con-7 and Con-10 showed only trivial changes. The Plyo-7 and Plyo-10 showed meaningful (ES = 0.16-2.22) greater improvements in all physical fitness measures when compared with their control counterparts. The Plyo-10 showed meaningful greater improvements in 20-m sprint, 2-km running time trial, maximal strength, squat jump, and drop jump from 20 cm (ES = 0.21-0.42) when compared with Plyo-7. In conclusion, PJT is effective in improving physical fitness in younger and older female youths. However, greater adaptations were observed in more mature subjects.
