Resumen de Adolescents’ Attitudes to Bullying and its Relationship to Perceived Family Social Climate

María de la Villa Moral Jiménez, Anastasio Ovejero Bernal

• español

  Antecedentes: las actitudes de los adolescentes hacia el bullying están determinadas por la interacción entre las características individuales y diversos contextos de desarrollo, como el familiar. El objetivo de este estudio es realizar un análisis psicosocial de las diferencias reportadas según las actitudes percibidas frente al bullying en indicadores como apoyo y comprensión, castigo y rechazo, así como reprobación paterna. Método: participaron en el estudio 665 estudiantes (50,4% chicas) de 12 a 18 años (M = 14.59; DT = 1.691) del Principado de Asturias (España) que han sido seleccionados mediante un muestreo intencional con submuestreo bietápico aleatorio simple de los grupos escolares. Resultados: se ha hallado una relación positiva entre la percepción de apoyo de los padres y las actitudes de rechazo ante el bullying en las tres dimensiones actitudinales exploradas (cognitiva, afectiva y conductual). A su vez, las percepciones del clima familiar son más negativas en quienes presentan actitudes más favorables. Los adolescentes con actitudes permisivas reportan un mayor uso de violencia física, castigo corporal y violencia psicológica por parte de sus padres.

  Conclusiones: se apoya la relevancia de las prácticas de socialización familiar en la construcción de las actitudes hacia el bullying

• English

  Background: Adolescent attitudes towards bullying are determined by the interaction between individual characteristics and psychosocial development contexts such as the family environment. Our objective was to perform a psychosocial analysis of the differences in reported attitudes towards school bullying between peers according to a series of indicators of family social climate, such as perceived parental support and understanding, punishment and rejection, and disapproval. Method: 665 students (50.4% girls) aged 12-18 (M = 14.59, SD = 1.691) from Asturias (Spain) participated in the study. Participants were selected by intentional sampling with simple random two-stage subsampling of secondary-school groups. Results: The hypothesized positive relationship between the perception of parental support and increased resistance attitudes towards school bullying in the three attitudinal dimensions explored (cognitive, affective, and behavioural) was supported by our results. Notably, favourable attitudes towards bullying were associated to negative family climate perceptions. Adolescents with permissive attitudes towards bullying reported higher use of physical and psychological violence, as well as corporal punishment by their parents. Conclusions: This study supports the importancer of family socialization practices in the construction of attitudes towards bullying.