Theory of classification and taxonomical schools: a synthesis for Archaeology

• Autores: Daniel García Rivero
• Localización: Darwin´s Legacy: The Status of Evolutionary Archaeology in Argentina / Marcelo Cardillo (ed. lit.), Hernán Juan Muscio (ed. lit.), 2016, ISBN 978-1-78491-276-5, págs. 12-32
• Idioma: inglés
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen

  • Taxonomy works forming groups of specimens or of any kind of object on the basis of a particular series of criteria. Its use can be extended to all areas of knowledge of historical nature in which variation and diversity are constantly produced through time and space. Although taxonomy has been applied to anthropology and archaeology for a long time, most of the methodological achievements have taken place in evolutionary biology. The main aim of this paper is to introduce researchers in social sciences, especially archaeologists, to the fundamental theory underlying all of the taxonomical reconstructions and classifications, as well as to present the historiography and methodological development of this research area. However, the main body of the paper is concerned with the presentation of the different philosophical schools of taxonomy: phenetics, cladistics and evolutionary taxonomy. Due to the important implications that this has for our approaches it is essential to define each one clearly and to undertake an explicit comparative analysis between them within an archaeological framework.