The "Anatomy of Melancholy" by Robert Burton is an open and modern work. In this contribution, I analyze Burton’s idea of melancholy, the relationship between the classic tradition, contemporary culture and Burton’s idea, the structure and rhetoric strategies of Melancholy, Burton’s «personal utopia», cure of melancholy, love melancholy. The «similitude dissimilis» of melancholy allows living and explaining the characters of melancholy into the different historical periods. The melancholy as changeable balance between laugh and crying, imagination power and principle of reality is a root of modernity: Burton is a «founder father» of modernity.
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