Hormonal Contraceptive Use Does Not Affect Strength, Endurance, or Body Composition Adaptations to Combined Strength and Endurance Training in Women

Moona M. Myllyaho; Johanna K. Ihalainen; Anthony C. Hackney; Maarit Valtonen; Ari T. Nummela; Elina Vaara; Keijo Häkkinen; Heikki Kyröläinen; Ritva S. Taipale

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Hormonal Contraceptive Use Does Not Affect Strength, Endurance, or Body Composition Adaptations to Combined Strength and Endurance Training in Women

Moona M. Myllyaho ^[1] ; Johanna K. Ihalainen ^[1] ; Anthony C. Hackney ; Maarit Valtonen ^[3] ; Ari T. Nummela ^[3] ; Elina Vaara ^[2] ; Keijo Häkkinen ; Heikki Kyröläinen ; Ritva S. Taipale
1. [1] University of Jyväskylä
  
  University of Jyväskylä
  
  Jyväskylä, Finlandia
2. [2] JAMK University of Applied Sciences
  
  JAMK University of Applied Sciences
  
  Jyväskylä, Finlandia
3. [3] Research Institute for Olympic Sport, Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 35, Nº. 2, 2021, págs. 449-457
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- This study examined the effects of a 10-week period of high-intensity combined strength and endurance training on strength, endurance, body composition, and serum hormone concentrations in physically active women using hormonal contraceptives (HCs, n = 9) compared with those who had never used hormonal contraceptives (NHCs, n = 9). Training consisted of 2 strength training sessions and 2 high-intensity running interval sessions per week. Maximal bilateral isometric leg press (Isom), maximal bilateral dynamic leg press (one repetition maximum [1RM]), countermovement jump (CMJ), a 3,000-m running test (3,000 m), body composition, and serum hormone levels were measured before and after training between days 1-5 of each subject's menstrual cycle. Both groups increased 1RM and CMJ: HC = 13.2% (p < 0.001) and 9.6% (p < 0.05), and NHC = 8.3% (p < 0.01) and 8.5% (p < 0.001). Hormonal contraceptive improved 3,000 m by 3.5% (p < 0.05) and NHC by 1% (n.s.). Never used hormonal contraceptive increased lean mass by 2.1% (p < 0.001), whereas body fat percentage decreased from 23.9 +/- 6.7 to 22.4 +/- 6.0 (-6.0%, p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in body composition in HC. No significant between-group differences were observed in any of the performance variables. Luteinizing hormone concentrations decreased significantly (p < 0.05) over 10 weeks in NHC, whereas other hormone levels remained statistically unaltered in both groups. It seems that the present training is equally appropriate for improving strength, endurance, and body composition in women using HC as those not using HC without disrupting hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function.