Los denticulados del yacimiento de Aizpea (Arive, Navarra): análisis de huellas de uso e interpretación funcional

• MARÍA AMPARO LABORDA MARTÍNEZ ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Navarra

     Universidad de Navarra

     Pamplona, España

     
• Localización: Munibe Antropologia - Arkeologia, ISSN 1132-2217, Nº 71, 2020, págs. 103-120
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • The denticulates from the site of Aizpea (Arive, Navarre): use wear analysis and functional interpretation
• Enlaces
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• Resumen
  • español

    En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del análisis funcional de las láminas y lascas con muescas o denticuladas, procedentes de los niveles del Mesolítico final y Neolítico antiguo del yacimiento de Aizpea (Arive, Navarra). Las microhuellas identificadas han permitido un preciso diagnóstico funcional para reconstruir la manera en que estos útiles fueron utilizados y el tipo de materias trabajadas. Este estudio ha revelado también la idoneidad de la aplicación de la metodología traceológica para inferir técnicas de transformación de distintos recursos.

    El trabajo de la madera y el hueso fueron las actividades realizadas con denticulados en Aizpea, obviamente relacionados con las estrategias de subsistencia de los grupos que ocuparon el abrigo en diferentes momentos entre el VIII y la primera mitad del VII milenio BP.

  • euskara

    Lan honetan Mesolito amaieran eta antzinako Neolito garaian Aizpeako aztarnategian (Aribe, Nafarroa) hozkadura- eta dentikulatu-aztarnak dituzten lamina eta harri-printzen analisi funtzionalaren emaitzak aurkeztu dira. Identifikatutako mikroaztarnek tresna horiek nola erabili ziren eta zer-nolako lanak egin zituzten berreraikitzeko diagnostiko funtzional zehatza egiteko aukera eman dute. Era berean, ikerketa honek erakutsi du metodologia trazeologikoa aproposa dela hainbat baliabideren eraldaketa-teknikak ondorioztatzeko. Aizpean dentikulatuekin egurra eta hezurra lantzen zen, eta horrek lotura argia du VIII. mendearen eta VII. mendeko bigarren erdiaren (BP milurtekoa) arteko hainbat unetan babesleku horretan bizi izan ziren taldeen biziraupen-estrategiekin

  • English

    The site excavated in Aizpea offers a model about the ways of life of the last groups of prehistoric hunter-gatherers who lived in a Pyrenean environment, in the north of Navarre, during the Late Mesolithic and the beginning of the Neolithic (Barandiarán & Cava, 2001). Whoevers took refuge in this rock-shelter exploited a wide range of resources from different ecosystems, which were close to the site: a wide spectrum of ungulates they were hunted; they fished barbel and trout at the next Irati river, and they also took advantage of a varied representation of plants remains that were been used for food or fuel. The flaked lithic assemblages that they have produced are mainly composed of microlithic elements, geometrics, small blades and backed points. On the other hand, numerous denticulates and, in smaller proportions, scrapers, racloirs, truncations or drills make up the domestic toolkit. Within the industrial dynamic of Aizpea, the evolution of the denticulates, as the third majority typological group, experiences a quantitative decrease from the oldest to the most recent stage. This paper present the results of a use-wear analysis concerning noched or denticulates blades and flakes recovered from the three phases established on the site, Aizpea I and II (geometric Mesolithic) and Aizpea III (early Neolithic). Once defined the state of conservation of the assemblage, a sample of this elements have been observed in the microscope. Some of them presented exclusively one notch, and others were characterized by a truly denticulated edge. The micro traces identified has allowed a precise functional diagnostic to reconstruct how these tools were used and the type of worked materials. The use-wear analysis has shown that these pieces are used as scraping tools. This study has also revealed the suitability of the apliccation of traceological methodology to infer transformation techniques of different resources. Wood and bone working were the activities performated with denticulates at Aizpea, obviously related to the subsistence strategies of the groups that occupied the rock shelter at different times between the VIIIth and first half the VIIth millennium BP.