Social Models for Dealing with Inequalities

Antonio Martin Artiles ; Eduardo Chávez-Molina ^[1] ; Renata Semenza ^[2]
1. [1] Universidad de Buenos Aires
  
  Universidad de Buenos Aires
  
  Argentina
2. [2] University of Milan
  
  University of Milan
  
  Milán, Italia
Localización: Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America / Pedro López Roldán (ed. lit.), Sandra Fachelli (ed. lit.), 2020, ISBN 3-030-48442-4, págs. 35-61
Idioma: inglés
Enlaces
- Texto completo

Resumen
- This chapter compares social models in Europe and Latin America. The goal is to study the interaction between two institutions: on the one hand, pre-distributive (ex ante) institutions, such as the structure and coverage of collective bargaining and, on the other hand, post-distributive (ex post) institutions, such as unemployment protection and social policy. Pre-distributive institutions are important for correcting inequalities in the labour market, because they introduce guidelines for egalitarian wage structures. Post-distributive institutions help to mitigate inequalities generated in the labour market. The methodology is based on statistical analysis of a series of indicators related to pre and post-distributive policies. The results present three types of model: (1) coordinated economies, typical of neo-corporatist Scandinavian countries; (2) mixed economies, typical of Mediterranean systems, and (3) uncoordinated economies, which equate to liberalism and the Latin American 'structural heterogeneity' model. It is neo-corporatist coordinated economies that generate the most pre and post-distributive equality. In turn, uncoordinated economies, and Latin American ones in particular, generate more inequalities due to highly informal employment and the weakness of their post-distributive institutions.