Leioa, España
El estudio mineralógico de muestras del retablo de Andra-Mari ha permitido determinar que los colores dominantes, azul, rojo, verde, blanco y carne corresponden a pigmentos minerales (azurita, cinabrio, malaquita, hidrocerusita-cerusita e hidrocerusita-cinabrio-hematites, respectivamente) con un aglutinante orgánico, aplicado sobre una capa de preparación de yeso, anhidrita y calcita, cubriendo la madera tallada. Es frecuente encontrar también láminas de oro (panes de 1-3 pm de espesor) apoyadas sobre el «bol» (óxidos de hierro y arcillas muy triturados).
Samples of the XVIth Century Andra-Mari's Church Retable in Galdácano (Vizcaya) have been analysed by nondestructive methods such as X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and microscopy (with reflected and transmitted vertical and oblique ilumination). The results showed that the wood panes was coated by a gypsum-anhidrite-(calcite) support, which is characteristic of the Italian School. On this support blue, red, green, white and flesh-coloured pigments owe their coloration to mineral components (azurite, cinnabar, malachite, hydrocerussite-cerussite and hydrocerussite-cinnabar-haematite, respectively) bound with organic media. It is very common that the mineral pigments were applied over gold leaves.
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