Somnolencia y calidad de sueño en estudiantes de medicina durante las prácticas hospitalarias y vacaciones

Edmundo Rosales Mayor; Martha Teresa Egoavil Rojas; Claudia Cecilia La Cruz Dávila; Jorge Rey de Castro Mujica

Ayuda

Somnolencia y calidad de sueño en estudiantes de medicina durante las prácticas hospitalarias y vacaciones

Edmundo Rosales Mayor ^[1] ; Martha Teresa Egoavil Rojas ^[2] ; Claudia Cecilia La Cruz Dávila ^[2] ; Jorge Rey de Castro Mujica ^[2]
1. [1] Universidad Pablo de Olavide
  
  Universidad Pablo de Olavide
  
  Sevilla, España
2. [2] Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
  
  Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
  
  Perú
Localización: Acta Médica Peruana, ISSN-e 1018-8800, ISSN 1728-5917, Vol. 25, Nº. 4, 2008, págs. 199-203
Idioma: español
Títulos paralelos:
- Somnolence and sleep quality in medical students during hospital practices and holidays
Enlaces
- Texto completo (pdf)
Resumen
- español
  Introducción: se ha descrito alta frecuencia de somnolencia diurna (SD) y mala calidad del sueño (MCS) en estudiantes de medicina durante sus prácticas hospitalarias y desconocemos lo que sucede durante su período de vacaciones. Objetivo: explorar las diferencias en la SD, MCS y hábitos del sueño en estudiantes durante el periodo de prácticas hospitalarias y vacaciones. Material y método: serie de casos de un solo grupo comparativo en dos períodos. Muestra no probabilística de estudiantes de medicina del 6to año de la Universidad Cayetano Heredia (UPCH). Se aplicó la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth (ESE) y el Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh (ICSP) dos semanas antes de finalizar su período de prácticas hospitalarias (prácticas) y dos semanas después de finalizarlas (vacaciones). Resultados: participaron 76 (72%) externos en el período de prácticas y 82 (78%) durante vacaciones. No hubo diferencias entre ambos grupos en la edad y género. Hubo diferencia estadística entre ambos períodos (prácticas vs vacaciones) en los puntajes de ambas escalas: ESE (9,88 vs 8,27 p=0,015) y ICSP (6,53 vs 5,55 p=0,022). Al comparar prácticas con vacaciones, encontramos disminución en el porcentaje de malos durmientes (59% vs 43%, p=0,040), excesiva SD (39% vs 26%, p=0,086), haber dormido d" 6h (68% vs 46%, p=0,006), tener eficiencia subjetiva del sueño < 85% (59% vs 22%, p<0,001) y aumento del número de horas reportadas de sueño (5,97h vs 6,53h, p=0,005) en el periodo de vacaciones. Conclusiones: los estudiantes de medicina tuvieron mala CS y mayor SD durante el período de prácticas cuyos puntajes mejoraron en las vacaciones, aunque la diferencia no alcanzó significancia estadística al comparar excesiva SD. Se observó que en ambos períodos los puntajes de ambas escalas (ESE e ICSP) fueron anormales. Se requiere implementar estudios para evaluar los efectos de dichas alteraciones en su rendimiento académico - asistencial y conocer las razones por las cuales persiste SD y MCS durante sus vacaciones.
- English
  Introduction: Daytime somnolence and poor sleep quality have been described in medical students during their hospital-based practical sessions, and we do not know the occurrence of these situations during holidays. Objective: To explore the differences in daytime somnolence, sleep quality, and sleeping habits in medical students during the hospital-based practical sessions period, and during holidays. Material and method: A case series with a single group that was assessed in two periods. A non-probabilistic sample comprising 6th year medical students was used. Epworth Somnolence Scale (ESS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered to the study subjects two weeks before finishing their period of hospital based practical sessions, and two weeks after this period had finished (during holidays). Results: 76 (72%) 6th year medical students participated during the hospital-based practical sessions period and 82 (78%) did during holidays. There were no differences between the two groups with respect to age and gender. There was a statistically significant difference between both periods (practical sessions vs. holidays) in the scores for the two scales used: ESS (9,88 vs. 8,27; p= 0,015) and PSQI (6,53 vs. 5,55; p= 0,022). When comparing the practical sessions period against holidays, we found reductions in the percentage of persons with bad sleep quality (59% vs. 43%; p= 0.040), in persons with excessive daytime somnolence (39% vs. 26%; p= 0,086), in sleeping less than 6 hours (68% vs. 46%; p= 0.006), in a subjective <85% sleep efficiency (59% vs. 22%, p<0.001), and an increase in the number of sleeping hours reported (5,97 h vs. 6,53 h; p= 0,005) during holidays. Conclusions: Medical students had poor sleep quality and more daytime somnolence during their hospital based practical sessions period. Their scores improved during holidays, but the difference did not reach statistical significance when comparing daytime somnolence. It was observed in both periods that the scores for the two scales administered (ESS and PSQI) were abnormal. It is necessary to implement studies for assessing the effect of such alterations in their academic and working performance, and for knowing the reasons why poor sleep quality and daytime somnolence persist during holidays.