Resumen de The Technology of the Formation of Practical Abilities and Skills
In the theory of the gradual formation of mental operations (Gal'perin, 1959) the unit of analysis of the assimilation process is the activity of executing an academic problem ‐‐ the subject content and basic changes which it undergoes in the assimilation process, change into knowledge, ability, and skill.
From the point of view of the problems of controlling the assimilation process, the following points are important:
1. preliminary description of formulated knowledge and abilities as normal activity;
2. the creation of conditions during the learning process which ensure that the student is able to ascertain the referential basis and thus enable him to execute the activity with the required properties;
3. gradual mastering of activity, thus guaranteeing its integration with normal intermediate and final properties;
4. the possibility of guaranteeing verification of the progress of the formation of activity and its opportune correction.
The subject of this article is the description of these points in the formation of practical abilities and skills connected with production activity, for example the instruction of machine operators in metal work, technologists, operators, laboratory workers involved in chemical production, machine adjusters, fitters of technical machines and others.
