Africains subsahariens au Maroc, de la clandestinité à la reconnaissance ou le renouveau du cosmopolitisme
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Mehdi Alioua [1]
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[1] International University of Rabat
International University of Rabat
Marruecos
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- Localización: Hesperis Tamuda, ISSN 0018-1005, Nº. 55, 3, 2020, págs. 255-274
- Idioma: francés
- Títulos paralelos:
- Sub-Saharan Africans in Morocco, From Underground to the Recognition or Renewal of Cosmopolitanism
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Resumen
While since the 1990s Morocco was, like other Mediterranean African countries, a country of immigration, it was not until almost 20 years before it really became aware of it and established a migration policy accordingly. Previously, only the idea that it was about “transit” prevailed and, under pressure from the European Union which was externalizing the control of its borders, the main objective of the authorities in Rabat was of a security order. Morocco was then unable to understand that it was no longer a simple country of passage and that the criminalization of migration, was it unwanted and unauthorized, not only would not be effective but would spread the seeds of racism. and xenophobia which would undermine its policy of openness to Africa and its image as a “tolerant society.” It took a number of struggles, led by sub-Saharan migrants themselves and supported by civil society, for things to change. In this article, which attempts to summarize the evolution of the phenomenon over the past twenty years, I would also be interested in the ambivalent attitudes that the passage and settlement of sub-Saharan migrants has produced among Moroccans. Between negation and fascination, rejection and hospitality, rivalry and cooperation, racism and inclusion, the place of these newcomers allows us to better understand Moroccan society which is rediscovering its Africanness and its cosmopolitanism.
