The enterprise of the sociology of punishment rests on a reassessment of modern social theory and an appraisal of changes in patterns of crime and punishment in recent years. The emergence of a Southern criminology indicates, though, the need for repositioning knowledge production in the field of crime and crime control to include broader perspectives and theoretically accommodate new realities outside mainstream academic production. The same effort needs to address the specificity of punishment and imprisonment in this broader context. The aim of the present argument resides, thus, in developing new underpinnings for the sociology of punishment, in which the historical roots of the so-called peripheral spaces are taken seriously in their complexity and distinctiveness.
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