Effects of Exercise on Body Posture, Functional Movement, and Physical Fitness in Children With Overweight/Obesity
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Pablo Molina García ; José Mora-González ; Jairo H. Migueles [1] ; Maria Rodriguez Ayllon [1] ; Irene Esteban Cornejo [2] ; Cristina Cadenas Sánchez ; Abel Plaza Florido [3] ; Jose J. Gil Cosano [3] ; Manuel A. Pelaez Pérez [3] ; Gabriel Garcia Delgado [1] ; Jos Vanrenterghem ; Francisco B. Ortega
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[1] Universidad de Granada
Universidad de Granada
Granada, España
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[2] Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
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[3] Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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- Localización: Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA, ISSN 1064-8011, Vol. 34, Nº. 8, 2020, págs. 2146-2155
- Idioma: inglés
- Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
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Resumen
This study aims to analyze whether a 13-week exercise program based on "movement quality" and "multi-games" can lead to simultaneous benefits to body posture, fundamental movements, and physical fitness of children with overweight/obesity. A total of 64 children (10.9 +/- 1.3 years, 25.9 +/- 3.8 kg[middle dot]m-2, 38 girls and 26 boys) with overweight/obesity were assigned either to a 13-week exercise-based intervention group (IG) (n = 33) or to a control group (CG) (n = 31). Subjects underwent assessments of basic anthropometry (body mass and height), body posture (2-dimensional photogrammetry), fundamental movements (Functional Movement Screen), and physical fitness (1 repetition maximum [1RM] arm and leg press, and ALPHA test battery). After the exercise program, the IG reduced lower limb angle (high effect size: -0.82 SDs; p = 0.001) and plumb-tragus distance (low effect: -0.43 SDs; p = 0.002) in the sagittal plane and increased lower limb angle in the frontal plane (high effect: 0.82 SDs; p = 0.003) compared with the CG. The IG improved their performance in deep squat (p = 0.004), active straight leg raise (p < 0.001), 1RM arm (low effect: 0.46 SDs; p = 0.002), handgrip strength (medium effect: 0.53 SDs; p < 0.001), and standing long jump (medium effect: 0.59 SDs; p = 0.003), all compared with the CG. In conclusion, children with overweight/obesity who participated in our 13-week exercise program developed a better alignment of the head and lower limb, improved their performance in fundamental movements, and experienced global muscular strength gains compared with the peers who continued with their usual lives. Among other potential implications, these improvements could contribute to the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders associated with childhood obesity and could increase adherence by positioning these children in a better physical status to keep practicing exercise.
