Genetic regulation of aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, trichothecene, and fumonisin biosynthesis: A review

• Jéssica Gil-Serna ^[1] ; Covadonga Vázquez ^[1] ; Belén Patiño ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
• Localización: International microbiology: official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology, ISSN 1139-6709, Vol. 23, Nº. 1, 2020, págs. 89-96
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Mycotoxins are a significant food safety concern. Aflatoxins, trichothecenes, fumonisins, and ochratoxin A are considered the most important mycotoxins due to their frequent occurrence in food products and their well-known toxicity. The regulation of mycotoxin biosynthesis occurs mainly at transcriptional level, and specific regulators have been described in every biosynthetic cluster. Secondary metabolite production, including mycotoxin synthesis, is also regulated by general regulator pathways affected by light, osmotic stress and oxidative stress, among others. This review is focused on this genetic regulation of mycotoxin biosynthesis by specific genes and global regulators.