Risk factors related to oral candidiasis in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

• Julia Serrano ^[4] ; Rosa María López-Pintor ^[1] ; Lucía Ramírez ^[1] ; Mónica Fernández-Castro ^[2] ; Mariano Sanz ^[1] ; Sheila Melchor ^[5] ; Diana Peiteado ^[3] ; Gonzalo Hernández ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
  2. [2] Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro

     Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro

     Madrid, España

     
  3. [3] Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz

     Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz

     Madrid, España

     
  4. [4] Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, ORALMED research group, School of Dentistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; PhD Student, Research training fellow, Complutense University, Madrid
  5. [5] Rheumatology Service, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain

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• Localización: Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa, ISSN-e 1698-6946, Vol. 25, Nº. 5 (September), 2020
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Candidiasis is the most frequent mycotic infection of the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of clinical oral candidiasis and Candida albicans yeast in a population diagnosed of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and to study the possible factors associated with this infection.

    An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 61 pSS patients (60 women, 1 man, mean age 57.64±13.52) where patient based information (demographic and medical, tobacco and alcohol consumption history), intraoral parameters (presence of dentures, clinical signs of candidiasis), salivary analytical information (number of Candida albicans as colony-forming units per millilitre (CFU/mL), salivary pH levels, unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) were collected.

    13.1% of pSS patients presented oral signs of candidiasis. Denture stomatitis and angular cheilitis were the most common lesions. 87.5% of patients with clinical candidiasis presented reduced pH levels and salivary flow in both UWS and SWS. A significant statistical negative correlation was found between CFU/mL of Candida albicans and levels of UWS and SWS. A negative correlation was found between pH levels and CFU/mL, although not statistically significant.

    A reduced salivary flow may predispose pSS patients to Candida albicans overgrowth, which may show with clinical signs. Preventive measures are of great importance to avoid and to treat this condition promptly.