Prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders in children with malocclusion

• Ivette Vázquez-Casas ^[1] ; Oscar Sans-Capdevila ^[2] ; Jordi Moncunill-Mira ^[3] ; Alejandro Rivera-Baró ^[4]
  1. [1] Universitat de Barcelona

     Universitat de Barcelona

     Barcelona, España

     
  2. [2] Medical director of AdSalutem Institute. Coordinator of Sleep disorders unit from Sant Joan de Déu Hospital
  3. [3] Adjunct in Department of Odontopediatria and Orthodontics from Sant Joan de Déu Hospital. Hospital Dentistry, Clinical Orthodontics & Periodontal Medicine Research Group. Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJ), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu (FSJ)
  4. [4] Director in Department of Odontopediatria and Orthodontics from Sant Joan de Déu Hospital. Hospital Dentistry, Clinical Orthodontics & Periodontal Medicine Research Group. Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJ), Fundació Sant Joan de Déu (FSJ)

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• Localización: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry, ISSN-e 1989-5488, Vol. 12, Nº. 6 (June), 2020, págs. 555-560
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • The paediatric population has a high incidence of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). A notable risk factor is the presence of craniofacial abnormalities. The objective of the study was therefore to survey the prevalence of SRBD in patients presenting for interceptive treatment.

    Prospective study with a sample of 249 healthy patients. The “Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire” and “Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children” were completed by the children’s parents and the results were evaluated. All patients had their medical records reviewed and underwent orthodontic diagnosis by oral examination, as well as dental cast and cephalometric analysis. Finally, we compared the results of the pre- and post-treatment questionnaires of 50 patients in the sample.

    Based on the results of the questionnaires, 22.8% of the study sample had SRBD. No statistically significant correlation was found between SRBD and the anthropometric characteristics and occlusal variables assessed. According to the cast analysis, patients with SRBD had a smaller maxillary width (p<0.003), and according to the cephalometric study, less overbite (p<0.003). Furthermore, the prevalence of SRBD was higher among patients with a history of adenotonsillectomy (p<0.02). Comparison of the results of pre- and post-treatment questionnaires revealed significant differences after orthodontic treatment (p<0.0005).

    It is necessary to identify the presence of SRBD in orthodontic patients given its high prevalence. Patients with SRBD have a smaller maxillary width and less overbite.