Resumen de Disolución acuosa en un suelo ácido enmendado con subproductos cálcicos para favorecer su reforestación
Ignacio Mariscal Sancho, Pedro González Fernández, R. Ordóñez Fernández, Fernando Peregrina Alonso, Clara Gomez Paccard, Rafael Espejo Serrano
Reforestation is a key factor for restoring degraded ecosystem, mitigate climate change through biosecuestratrion of CO2 and enable sustainable exploitation of its forest resources. Reforestation is useful to reverse the process of soil degradation caused by deforestation and following unsustainable land uses. The higher soil degradation, the greater difficulties and time consumed by reforestation. Our acid studied soils were degraded by their clearing, plowing and cultivated in 1930's. These soils were deeply affected by tillage, resulting in a drastic reduction of organic matter content and the degradation of most of the chemical, physical and biological soil properties. The experiment was based on the application of liming, as "sugar foam" alone, or with "phosphogypcaim" (E + Fy), And for reforestating we selected two tree species adapted to the climate and soil conditions (Quercus-suher or Quercus faginea L, Lain.) and one non-native leguminous shrub (Adenocarpus telonensis (Loisel) DC). The amendment additions were aimed to increase the development of biomass, raising the soil pH, supplying Ca (nutrient deficiency) and decreasing the toxicity of Al in the studied soil. Furthermore, leguminous shrubs could favor the vegetative development due to the contribution of N from its rhizobia. We study the soil solution, extracted by "Rhizon systems" installed in the experimental plots since the beginning of the implementation of the amendments until 43 months later, Our objective was to quantify the effect amendments in the solution and explain its relationship to the growth of reforestation species. The application of E and E+Fy improved the soil nutrient solution, increasing the pH and the concentration of Ca and reducing the toxic Al. The experiment revealed the high variability of the concentrations of the cations in the soil solution throughout the period of study, The changes in the soil solution due to the amendments were significantly beneficial taking the control as a reference. Also the development of non-native species was 78% higher with E+Fy and 81% higher with E compared with the control.
