Resumen de Reconstruction of the cultural picture of the world as a way of structuring the content of the university discipline
The paper is devoted to the urgent problem of the "History of Culture" module teaching of the University "Culturology" discipline. The analysis of textbooks and manuals on cultural disciplines has revealed some problems in teaching the subject, namely: the reduction of the culture of a particular nation and the historical period only to the field of art, the unclear methodology of the material presentation, consisting in the enumeration of forms of culture without interrelation.The authors propose one of the ways of structuring the actual culture material dealing with an analytics of the elements of the cultural picture of the world. This concept is rather conditional and includes a set of integrative knowledge about the culture of the people. The authors, being aware of the complexity of the choice, postulate the following conditions in teaching: the impossibility of a complete empirical description of the history of culture of any nation; therefore, the use of the cultural system modeling method, "cultural picture of the world" can be represented primarily as a subculture of the elite (it is described in authentic texts). Other subcultures are reconstructed according to archaeological data, ethnographic descriptions of customs, rituals, religious texts, etc. For the specifics of the elements of the cultural picture of the world, the authors suggest an axiological approach, that is, the allocation of significant ontological, gnoseological, and social categories.
