Resumen de Macroinvertebrados y fitoplancton como bioindicadores de contaminación en la cuenca del río Chicama, Perú

Santos R. Santillán Aredo, Ana Marlene Guerrero Padilla

• español

  El objetivo principal fue evaluar la población de macroinvertebrados y fitoplancton como bioindicadores de contaminación en la cuenca del río Chicama, Perú. Se ubicó cuatro estaciones; para macroinvertebrados se evaluó mediante el Trent Biotic Index y Chandler Biotic Score, estableciendo la relación entre las variables (abundancia de taxones) con el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. La evaluación del fitoplancton se realizó mediante el índice saprobio propuesto por Pantle y Buck. Asimismo, se determinó el índice de Shannon Weaver (H ́) y el índice de Simpson (D ́). La fauna bentónica con 24 géneros, 18 familias y 9 ordenes, predominancia de Baetis sp., Rhagovelia sp. y Atopsyche sp. El fitoplancton estuvo constituido principalmente por diatomeas (Bacillariophyta) y algunas especies pertenecientes a la clase Chlorophyta, con predominancia de Nitzschia linearis, Fragilaria capucina y Gomphonema sp. Finalmente de los índices evaluados, Trent Biotic Index y Chandler Biotic Score, se determinó contaminación leve a moderada de acuerdo al índice de Pantle y Buck.

• English

  The principal objective was to assess phytoplankton and macroinvertebrates as bioindicators of pollution in Chicama river basin, Peru. Was developed four stations and was assess macroinvertebrates by Trent Biotic Index and Chandler Biotic Score, and it was assess the abundance of taxa related to the variables measures, to establish the relationship between the variables with the Spearman correlation coefficient. The assessment of the phytoplankton are carried out through the index proposed by Pantle and Buck; similarly, the index was calculated from Shannon Weaver (H ́) and the index of Simpson (D ́). It was registered 24 genera of benthuc fauna, 18 families and 9 orders, with a predominance of Baetis sp., Rhagovelia sp. and Atopsyche sp. and to a lesser degree, in comparison with its predecessors, Tricorythodes sp., Clinotanypus sp., and Simulium sp. In regards phytoplankton was composed mainly by diatoms (Bacillariophyta) and some species belonging to the class Chlorophyta, with predominance of Nitzschia linearis, Fragilaria capucina and Gomphonema sp. Finally, the indices evaluated, Trent biotic index and Chandler Biotic Score determined that there is from slight to moderate pollution according to the index of Pantle and Buck.