Is hematopoiesis under the influence of neural and neuroendocrine mechanisms?

• Maestroni, G. J. M. ^[1]
  1. [1] Istituto cantonale di patologia

     Istituto cantonale di patologia

     Locarno, Suiza

     
• Localización: Histology and histopathology: cellular and molecular biology, ISSN-e 1699-5848, ISSN 0213-3911, Vol. 13, Nº. 1, 1998, págs. 271-274
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • It is well recognized that the immune response is under the influence of a variety of neural or neuroendocrine mechanisms. Much less studied is the possible influence of the se mechanisms on hematopoie sis. He re [ review the existing evidence about a neural and/or neuroendocrine regulation of hematopoiesis. The physiology of the blood forming system seems to be controlled at three levels, i.e. at the cellular level by the bone marrow stroma , at the humoral level by hematopoietic cytokines and finally by catecholamines and ne uroendocrine factors. Bone marrow catecholamines originate from sympathetic nerve fibers and from hematopoietic cells directly. Catecholamines of neural origin show a circadian rhythmicity. Adrenoceptors present on bone marrow cells include the a 1- sUbtype which seems to mediate the catecholaminergic control of hematopoie sis. Neuroendocrine factors including substance P, neurokinin-A and the pineal hormone melatonin might also influence hematopoiesis by affecting hematopoietic cytokines. In particular, melatonin seems to affect hematopoie sis via the induction in bone marrow T-helper cells of two novel opioid cy tokines. A complete understanding of the neural and neuroendocrine regulation of hematopoiesis might provide new conceptual and therapeutic perspectives in a variety of hematopoietic and immune diseases.