Primordial odontogenic tumor: a systematic review

• Ronell Bologna-Molina ^[4] ; Vanesa Pereira-Prado ^[1] ; Celeste Sánchez-Romero ^[1] ; Rogelio González-González ^[2] ; Adalberto Mosqueda-Taylor ^[3]
  1. [1] Universidad de la República

     Universidad de la República

     Uruguay

     
  2. [2] Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango

     Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango

     México

     
  3. [3] Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana

     Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana

     México

     
  4. [4] Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, México

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• Localización: Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa, ISSN-e 1698-6946, Vol. 25, Nº. 3 (May), 2020
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • The primordial odontogenic tumor (POT) is a recently described benign entity with histopathological and immunohistochemical features suggesting its origin during early odontogenesis. Aim: To integrate the available data published on POT into a comprehensive analysis to better define its clinicopathological and molecular features.

    An electronic systematic review was performed up to September 2019 in multiple databases.

    A total of 13 publications were included, representing 16 reported cases and 3 molecular studies. The mean age of the affected patients was 11.6 years (range 2-19), with a slight predominance in males (56.25%). The posterior mandible was the main location (87.5%), with only two cases affecting the posterior maxilla. All cases appeared as a radiolucent lesion in close relationship to an unerupted tooth. Recurrences have not been reported to date. Microscopically, POT comprises fibromyxoid tissue with variable cellularity surrounded by a cuboidal to columnar odontogenic epithelium but without unequivocal dental hard tissue formation. A delicate fibrous capsule surrounds (at least partially) the tumor. The epithelial component shows immunohistochemical positivity for amelogenin, CK19, and CK14, and variable expression of Glut-1, Galectin-3 and Caveolin-1, Vimentin, p-53, PITX2, Bcl-2, Bax and Survivin; the mesenchymal tissue is positive for Vimentin, CD90, p-53, PITX2, Bcl-2, Bax, and Survivin, and the subepithelial region exhibits the strong expression of Syndecan-1 and CD34. The Ki-67 index is low (<5%). The negative or weak expression of dentinogenesis-associated genes could explain the inhibition of dentin and subsequent enamel formation in this neoplasm.

    POT is an entity with a well-defined clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular profile that must be properly diagnosed and differentiated from other odontogenic lesions and treated consequently.