Leioa, España
Benthic foraminifera have revealed the palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic changes occurred in the SE Bay of Biscay between MIS (Marine Isotope Stage)3 and the most recent MIS 1. Cassidulina laevigata dominated during Heinrich 1 (H1), Younger Dryas (YD). Hyalinea balthica was along the H 1. Bulimina gibba is the species that indicates the Bølling-Allerød (B / A). Globobulimina affinis characterizes H1b and the middle Holocene, while Uvigerina peregrina is more abundant during the whole Holocene. Main assemblages, diversity, oceanity index, percentage of allochthonous coastal species and species indicating oxygen levels, allowed us to characterise different environmental factors: depth, temperature, dissolved oxygen, amount of organic matter, processes of upwelling or circulation of the AMOC.
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